Units
Translation components API.
See the Weblate's Web API documentation for detailed description of the API.
GET /api/translations/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/units/?format=api&page=8
{ "count": 396, "next": null, "previous": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/units/?format=api&page=7", "results": [ { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "Ioctl" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -7931515274902344740, "content_hash": -7931515274902344740, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/linux-emulation/_index.adoc:1356", "context": "", "note": "type: Title ====", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 367, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 1, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/380753/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 788903, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?checksum=11ed98e164dc6bdc", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/788903/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-04-04T22:25:19.916612Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "The ioctl interface is quite fragile due to its generality. We have to bear in mind that devices differ between Linux(R) and FreeBSD so some care must be applied to do ioctl emulation work right. The ioctl handling is implemented in [.filename]#linux_ioctl.c#, where `linux_ioctl` function is defined. This function simply iterates over sets of ioctl handlers to find a handler that implements a given command. The ioctl syscall has three parameters, the file descriptor, command and an argument. The command is a 16-bit number, which in theory is divided into high 8 bits determining class of the ioctl command and low 8 bits, which are the actual command within the given set. The emulation takes advantage of this division. We implement handlers for each set, like `sound_handler` or `disk_handler`. Each handler has a maximum command and a minimum command defined, which is used for determining what handler is used. There are slight problems with this approach because Linux(R) does not use the set division consistently so sometimes ioctls for a different set are inside a set they should not belong to (SCSI generic ioctls inside cdrom set, etc.). FreeBSD currently does not implement many Linux(R) ioctls (compared to NetBSD, for example) but the plan is to port those from NetBSD. The trend is to use Linux(R) ioctls even in the native FreeBSD drivers because of the easy porting of applications." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -1379057792690456037, "content_hash": -1379057792690456037, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/linux-emulation/_index.adoc:1370", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 368, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 230, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/612507/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 788907, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?checksum=6cdc9a3e7df37a1b", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/788907/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-04-04T22:25:19.954245Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "Debugging" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -7171796032641481758, "content_hash": -7171796032641481758, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/linux-emulation/_index.adoc:1372", "context": "", "note": "type: Title ====", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 369, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 1, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/380757/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 788913, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?checksum=1c78a98190d943e2", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/788913/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-04-04T22:25:20.006595Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "Every syscall should be debuggable. For this purpose we introduce a small infrastructure. We have the ldebug facility, which tells whether a given syscall should be debugged (settable via a sysctl). For printing we have LMSG and ARGS macros. Those are used for altering a printable string for uniform debugging messages." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 6004120613388596265, "content_hash": 6004120613388596265, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/linux-emulation/_index.adoc:1379", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 370, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 51, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/612509/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 788924, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?checksum=d352ebe2fda0b429", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/788924/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-04-04T22:25:20.113712Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "Conclusion" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Konklusjon" ], "id_hash": -438954553492005104, "content_hash": -438954553492005104, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/linux-emulation/_index.adoc:1381", "context": "", "note": "type: Title ==", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 371, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 1, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/380761/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 788925, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?checksum=79e88528c6919f10", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/788925/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-04-04T22:25:20.130305Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "Results" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -5105057664626298816, "content_hash": -5105057664626298816, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/linux-emulation/_index.adoc:1384", "context": "", "note": "type: Title ===", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 372, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 1, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/380763/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 788926, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?checksum=3927311a0e107040", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/788926/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-04-04T22:25:20.148422Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "As of April 2007 the Linux(R) emulation layer is capable of emulating the Linux(R) 2.6.16 kernel quite well. The remaining problems concern futexes, unfinished *at family of syscalls, problematic signals delivery, missing `epoll` and `inotify` and probably some bugs we have not discovered yet. Despite this we are capable of running basically all the Linux(R) programs included in FreeBSD Ports Collection with Fedora Core 4 at 2.6.16 and there are some rudimentary reports of success with Fedora Core 6 at 2.6.16. The Fedora Core 6 linux_base was recently committed enabling some further testing of the emulation layer and giving us some more hints where we should put our effort in implementing missing stuff." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -6612982264028953685, "content_hash": -6612982264028953685, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/linux-emulation/_index.adoc:1390", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 373, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 113, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/612511/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 788930, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?checksum=2439f7aafe9883ab", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/788930/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-04-04T22:25:20.168848Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "We are able to run the most used applications like package:www/linux-firefox[], package:net-im/skype[] and some games from the Ports Collection. Some of the programs exhibit bad behavior under 2.6 emulation but this is currently under investigation and hopefully will be fixed soon. The only big application that is known not to work is the Linux(R) Java(TM) Development Kit and this is because of the requirement of `epoll` facility which is not directly related to the Linux(R) kernel 2.6." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 730840471126071835, "content_hash": 730840471126071835, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/linux-emulation/_index.adoc:1394", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 374, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 77, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/612513/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 788932, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?checksum=8a2477894cf2da1b", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/788932/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-04-04T22:25:20.208404Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "We hope to enable 2.6.16 emulation by default some time after FreeBSD 7.0 is released at least to expose the 2.6 emulation parts for some wider testing. Once this is done we can switch to Fedora Core 6 linux_base, which is the ultimate plan." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -2983019285113664810, "content_hash": -2983019285113664810, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/linux-emulation/_index.adoc:1397", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 375, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 44, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/612515/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 788942, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?checksum=569a2fc3d0a90ad6", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/788942/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-04-04T22:25:20.268165Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "Future work" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 4787331879594147589, "content_hash": 4787331879594147589, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/linux-emulation/_index.adoc:1399", "context": "", "note": "type: Title ===", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 376, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 2, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/380771/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 788946, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?checksum=c27004fae91cbf05", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/788946/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-04-04T22:25:20.310754Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "Future work should focus on fixing the remaining issues with futexes, implement the rest of the *at family of syscalls, fix the signal delivery and possibly implement the `epoll` and `inotify` facilities." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 6677208666566437781, "content_hash": 6677208666566437781, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/linux-emulation/_index.adoc:1402", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 377, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 32, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/380773/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 788950, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?checksum=dcaa35e7a5da2b95", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/788950/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-04-04T22:25:20.355690Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "We hope to be able to run the most important programs flawlessly soon, so we will be able to switch to the 2.6 emulation by default and make the Fedora Core 6 the default linux_base because our currently used Fedora Core 4 is not supported any more." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 1783364911372651517, "content_hash": 1783364911372651517, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/linux-emulation/_index.adoc:1404", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 378, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 47, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/380775/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 788955, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?checksum=98bfc8f02f434bfd", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/788955/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-04-04T22:25:20.448801Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "The other possible goal is to share our code with NetBSD and DragonflyBSD. 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In fact, to avoid high interrupt latency, time-sharing priority threads can be preempted by interrupt threads (in this way, they do not need to wait to be scheduled as the normal path previews). Preemption, however, introduces new racing points that need to be handled, as well. Often, to deal with preemption, the simplest thing to do is to completely disable it. A critical section defines a piece of code (borderlined by the pair of functions man:critical_enter[9] and man:critical_exit[9], where preemption is guaranteed to not happen (until the protected code is fully executed). This can often replace a lock effectively but should be used carefully to not lose the whole advantage that preemption brings." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 6448614166028463281, "content_hash": 6448614166028463281, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/linux-emulation/_index.adoc:569", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 164, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 126, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1566402/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1566448, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?checksum=d97e146af3adacb1", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1566448/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2023-05-21T18:01:52.369376Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "`sched_bind` is an API used to bind a thread to a particular CPU for all the time it executes the code, until a `sched_unbind` function call does not unbind it. This feature has a key role in situations where you cannot trust the current state of CPUs (for example, at very early stages of boot), as you want to avoid your thread to migrate on inactive CPUs. Since `sched_bind` and `sched_unbind` manipulate internal scheduler structures, they need to be enclosed in `sched_lock` acquisition/releasing when used." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 8560817204724441286, "content_hash": 8560817204724441286, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/linux-emulation/_index.adoc:584", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 168, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 85, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1566404/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1566449, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?checksum=f6ce21e3faa720c6", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1566449/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2023-05-21T18:01:52.370476Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "The Linux(R) emulation layer is not complete, as some syscalls are not implemented properly and some are not implemented at all. The emulation layer employs a facility to mark unimplemented syscalls with the `DUMMY` macro. These dummy definitions reside in [.filename]#linux_dummy.c# in a form of `DUMMY(syscall);`, which is then translated to various syscall auxiliary files and the implementation consists of printing a message saying that this syscall is not implemented. The `UNIMPL` prototype is not used because we want to be able to identify the name of the syscall that was called to know what syscalls are more important to implement." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 8627087086411551284, "content_hash": 8627087086411551284, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/linux-emulation/_index.adoc:745", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 214, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 101, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1566406/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1566450, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?checksum=f7b991ff2feb9234", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1566450/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2023-05-21T18:01:52.373633Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "Many UNIX(R) derivates implement the man:ptrace[2] syscall to allow various tracking and debugging features. This facility enables the tracing process to obtain various information about the traced process, like register dumps, any memory from the process address space, etc. and also to trace the process like in stepping an instruction or between system entries (syscalls and traps). man:ptrace[2] also lets you set various information in the traced process (registers etc.). man:ptrace[2] is a UNIX(R)-wide standard implemented in most UNIX(R)es around the world." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 3486843851922750293, "content_hash": 3486843851922750293, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/linux-emulation/_index.adoc:782", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 224, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 82, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1566408/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1566451, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?checksum=b063c2025d1c3b55", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1566451/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2023-05-21T18:01:52.375038Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "Common UNIX(R) API defines a syscall as a way to issue commands from a user space process to the kernel. The most common implementation is either by using an interrupt or specialized instruction (think of `SYSENTER`/`SYSCALL` instructions for ia32). Syscalls are defined by a number. For example in FreeBSD, the syscall number 85 is the man:swapon[2] syscall and the syscall number 132 is man:mkfifo[2]. Some syscalls need parameters, which are passed from the user-space to the kernel-space in various ways (implementation dependent). Syscalls are synchronous." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -8415593137560220904, "content_hash": -8415593137560220904, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/linux-emulation/_index.adoc:114", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 18, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 85, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1614915/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1614923, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articleslinux-emulation_index/nb_NO/?checksum=0b35cea10d820b18", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1614923/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2024-01-18T00:08:09.238533Z" } ] }