Units
Translation components API.
See the Weblate's Web API documentation for detailed description of the API.
GET /api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/units/?format=api&page=3
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"https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/367899/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 367899, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=e13480d48cd60a77", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/367899/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-02-21T23:17:40.513356Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "Example of a [.filename]#vinum#-based Root Setup" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Example of a [.filename]#vinum#-based Root Setup" ], "id_hash": -4305207306851052387, "content_hash": -4305207306851052387, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:637", "context": "", "note": "type: Title ===", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 173, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 6, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/367901/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 367901, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=4440d4c3aeba149d", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/367901/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-02-21T23:17:40.533299Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "After the [.filename]#vinum# root volume has been set up, the output of `gvinum l -rv root` could look like:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "After the [.filename]#vinum# root volume has been set up, the output of `gvinum l -rv root` could look like:" ], "id_hash": 8322167492049496992, "content_hash": 8322167492049496992, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:640", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 174, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 19, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/367903/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 367903, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=f37e473dc4e9eba0", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/367903/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-02-21T23:17:40.552010Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "...\nSubdisk root.p0.s0:\n\t\tSize: 125829120 bytes (120 MB)\n\t\tState: up\n\t\tPlex root.p0 at offset 0 (0 B)\n\t\tDrive disk0 (/dev/da0h) at offset 135680 (132 kB)\n" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "...\nSubdisk root.p0.s0:\n\t\tSize: 125829120 bytes (120 MB)\n\t\tState: up\n\t\tPlex root.p0 at offset 0 (0 B)\n\t\tDrive disk0 (/dev/da0h) at offset 135680 (132 kB)\n" ], "id_hash": -7599280269801034694, "content_hash": -7599280269801034694, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:649", "context": "", "note": "type: delimited block . 4", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 175, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 25, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/367905/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 367905, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=1689eedb79dfec3a", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/367905/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-02-21T23:17:40.570434Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "Subdisk root.p1.s0:\n\t\tSize: 125829120 bytes (120 MB)\n\t\tState: up\n\t\tPlex root.p1 at offset 0 (0 B)\n\t\tDrive disk1 (/dev/da1h) at offset 135680 (132 kB)\n" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Subdisk root.p1.s0:\n\t\tSize: 125829120 bytes (120 MB)\n\t\tState: up\n\t\tPlex root.p1 at offset 0 (0 B)\n\t\tDrive disk1 (/dev/da1h) at offset 135680 (132 kB)\n" ], "id_hash": 2892636820938023769, "content_hash": 2892636820938023769, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:655", "context": "", "note": "type: delimited block . 4", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 176, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 24, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/367907/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 367907, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=a824b5dce039e359", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/367907/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-02-21T23:17:40.592986Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "The bsdlabel for these devices might look like:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "The bsdlabel for these devices might look like:" ], "id_hash": -1598974774703520993, "content_hash": -1598974774703520993, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:663", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 178, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 8, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/367911/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 367911, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=69cf4cea04fc831f", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/367911/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-02-21T23:17:40.632508Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "...\n8 partitions:\n# size offset fstype [fsize bsize bps/cpg]\n a: 245760 281 4.2BSD 2048 16384 0 # (Cyl. 0*- 15*)\n c: 71771688 0 unused 0 0 # (Cyl. 0 - 4467*)\n h: 71771672 16 vinum # (Cyl. 0*- 4467*)\n" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "...\n8 partitions:\n# size offset fstype [fsize bsize bps/cpg]\n a: 245760 281 4.2BSD 2048 16384 0 # (Cyl. 0*- 15*)\n c: 71771688 0 unused 0 0 # (Cyl. 0 - 4467*)\n h: 71771672 16 vinum # (Cyl. 0*- 4467*)\n" ], "id_hash": 2423180294518205446, "content_hash": 2423180294518205446, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:672", "context": "", "note": "type: delimited block . 4", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 179, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 40, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/367913/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 367913, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=a1a0dda3a97bec06", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/367913/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-02-21T23:17:40.651866Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "In the above example, the entire device is dedicated to [.filename]#vinum# and there is no leftover pre-[.filename]#vinum# root partition." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "In the above example, the entire device is dedicated to [.filename]#vinum# and there is no leftover pre-[.filename]#vinum# root partition." ], "id_hash": 5080283543824324430, "content_hash": 5080283543824324430, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:679", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 181, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 19, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/367917/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 367917, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=c680caf773e9574e", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/367917/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-02-21T23:17:40.694222Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "Troubleshooting" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Troubleshooting" ], "id_hash": 1349340052205815581, "content_hash": 1349340052205815581, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:680", "context": "", "note": "type: Title ===", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 182, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 1, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/367919/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 367919, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=92b9d1a0dcef471d", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/367919/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-02-21T23:17:40.713333Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "The following list contains a few known pitfalls and solutions." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "The following list contains a few known pitfalls and solutions." ], "id_hash": -4482048335922336662, "content_hash": -4482048335922336662, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:683", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 183, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 10, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/367921/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 367921, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=41cc90c90f37ec6a", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/367921/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-02-21T23:17:40.733030Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "System Bootstrap Loads, but System Does Not Boot" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "System Bootstrap Loads, but System Does Not Boot" ], "id_hash": 2068334840361555933, "content_hash": 2068334840361555933, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:684", "context": "", "note": "type: Title ====", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 184, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 8, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/367923/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 367923, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=9cb433942c5097dd", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/367923/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-02-21T23:17:40.752701Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "If the [.filename]#vinum# kernel module was not yet in the list of modules to load automatically, type `load geom_vinum`." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "If the [.filename]#vinum# kernel module was not yet in the list of modules to load automatically, type `load geom_vinum`." ], "id_hash": -5821095463374129862, "content_hash": -5821095463374129862, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:690", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 186, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 19, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/367927/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 367927, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=2f3750847df2753a", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/367927/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-02-21T23:17:40.793397Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "Only Primary Bootstrap Loads" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Only Primary Bootstrap Loads" ], "id_hash": -750949895319561079, "content_hash": -750949895319561079, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:700", "context": "", "note": "type: Title ====", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 189, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 4, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/367933/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 367933, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=7594170c855c5c89", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/367933/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-02-21T23:17:40.852426Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "Nothing Boots, the Bootstrap Panics" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Nothing Boots, the Bootstrap Panics" ], "id_hash": 7393249947494547463, "content_hash": 7393249947494547463, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:707", "context": "", "note": "type: Title ====", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 191, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 5, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/367937/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 367937, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=e69a19a7f8168007", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/367937/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-02-21T23:17:40.915740Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "No matter the type of disks, there are always potential problems. The disks can be too small, too slow, or too unreliable to meet the system's requirements. While disks are getting bigger, so are data storage requirements. Often a file system is needed that is bigger than a disk's capacity. Various solutions to these problems have been proposed and implemented." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "No matter the type of disks, there are always potential problems. The disks can be too small, too slow, or too unreliable to meet the system's requirements. While disks are getting bigger, so are data storage requirements. Often a file system is needed that is bigger than a disk's capacity. Various solutions to these problems have been proposed and implemented." ], "id_hash": 1365524229983798056, "content_hash": 1365524229983798056, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:62", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 5, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 60, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615524/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615524, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=92f3510d645f8328", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615524/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:45.114686Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "One method is through the use of multiple, and sometimes redundant, disks. In addition to supporting various cards and controllers for hardware Redundant Array of Independent Disks RAID systems, the base FreeBSD system includes the [.filename]#vinum# volume manager, a block device driver that implements virtual disk drives and addresses these three problems. [.filename]#vinum# provides more flexibility, performance, and reliability than traditional disk storage and implements `RAID`-0, `RAID`-1, and `RAID`-5 models, both individually and in combination." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "One method is through the use of multiple, and sometimes redundant, disks. In addition to supporting various cards and controllers for hardware Redundant Array of Independent Disks RAID systems, the base FreeBSD system includes the [.filename]#vinum# volume manager, a block device driver that implements virtual disk drives and addresses these three problems. [.filename]#vinum# provides more flexibility, performance, and reliability than traditional disk storage and implements `RAID`-0, `RAID`-1, and `RAID`-5 models, both individually and in combination." ], "id_hash": 5538189201780829206, "content_hash": 5538189201780829206, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:66", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 6, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 75, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615526/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615526, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=ccdb99bc870cec16", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615526/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:45.171899Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "Modern systems frequently need to access data in a highly concurrent manner. For example, large FTP or HTTP servers can maintain thousands of concurrent sessions and have multiple 100 Mbit/s connections to the outside world, well beyond the sustained transfer rate of most disks." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Modern systems frequently need to access data in a highly concurrent manner. For example, large FTP or HTTP servers can maintain thousands of concurrent sessions and have multiple 100 Mbit/s connections to the outside world, well beyond the sustained transfer rate of most disks." ], "id_hash": -288913066698868491, "content_hash": -288913066698868491, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:83", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 10, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 44, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615530/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615530, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=7bfd9318b871f8f5", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615530/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:45.265626Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "Current disk drives can transfer data sequentially at up to 70 MB/s, but this value is of little importance in an environment where many independent processes access a drive, and where they may achieve only a fraction of these values. In such cases, it is more interesting to view the problem from the viewpoint of the disk subsystem. The important parameter is the load that a transfer places on the subsystem, or the time for which a transfer occupies the drives involved in the transfer." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Current disk drives can transfer data sequentially at up to 70 MB/s, but this value is of little importance in an environment where many independent processes access a drive, and where they may achieve only a fraction of these values. In such cases, it is more interesting to view the problem from the viewpoint of the disk subsystem. The important parameter is the load that a transfer places on the subsystem, or the time for which a transfer occupies the drives involved in the transfer." ], "id_hash": 8727673620770402200, "content_hash": 8727673620770402200, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:87", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 11, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 85, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615532/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615532, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=f91eeceab9912f98", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615532/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:45.294217Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "In any disk transfer, the drive must first position the heads, wait for the first sector to pass under the read head, and then perform the transfer. These actions can be considered to be atomic as it does not make any sense to interrupt them." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "In any disk transfer, the drive must first position the heads, wait for the first sector to pass under the read head, and then perform the transfer. These actions can be considered to be atomic as it does not make any sense to interrupt them." ], "id_hash": 889019695999068594, "content_hash": 889019695999068594, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:90", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 12, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 45, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615534/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615534, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=8c566eb40a59a9b2", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615534/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:45.321429Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "[[vinum-latency]] Consider a typical transfer of about 10 kB: the current generation of high-performance disks can position the heads in an average of 3.5 ms. The fastest drives spin at 15,000 rpm, so the average rotational latency (half a revolution) is 2 ms. At 70 MB/s, the transfer itself takes about 150 μs, almost nothing compared to the positioning time. In such a case, the effective transfer rate drops to a little over 1 MB/s and is clearly highly dependent on the transfer size." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "[[vinum-latency]] Consider a typical transfer of about 10 kB: the current generation of high-performance disks can position the heads in an average of 3.5 ms. The fastest drives spin at 15,000 rpm, so the average rotational latency (half a revolution) is 2 ms. At 70 MB/s, the transfer itself takes about 150 μs, almost nothing compared to the positioning time. In such a case, the effective transfer rate drops to a little over 1 MB/s and is clearly highly dependent on the transfer size." ], "id_hash": -3397424706296974103, "content_hash": -3397424706296974103, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:95", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 13, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 84, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615536/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615536, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=50d9ec3ade0874e9", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615536/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:45.352370Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "The traditional and obvious solution to this bottleneck is \"more spindles\": rather than using one large disk, use several smaller disks with the same aggregate storage space. Each disk is capable of positioning and transferring independently, so the effective throughput increases by a factor close to the number of disks used." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "The traditional and obvious solution to this bottleneck is \"more spindles\": rather than using one large disk, use several smaller disks with the same aggregate storage space. Each disk is capable of positioning and transferring independently, so the effective throughput increases by a factor close to the number of disks used." ], "id_hash": 515435730558935283, "content_hash": 515435730558935283, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:98", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 14, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 51, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615538/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615538, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=87273210e88260f3", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615538/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:45.425222Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "The actual throughput improvement is smaller than the number of disks involved. Although each drive is capable of transferring in parallel, there is no way to ensure that the requests are evenly distributed across the drives. Inevitably the load on one drive will be higher than on another." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "The actual throughput improvement is smaller than the number of disks involved. Although each drive is capable of transferring in parallel, there is no way to ensure that the requests are evenly distributed across the drives. Inevitably the load on one drive will be higher than on another." ], "id_hash": -3791186017882377662, "content_hash": -3791186017882377662, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:102", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 15, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 48, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615540/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615540, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=4b6300673eb17242", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615540/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:45.638346Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "The evenness of the load on the disks is strongly dependent on the way the data is shared across the drives. In the following discussion, it is convenient to think of the disk storage as a large number of data sectors which are addressable by number, rather like the pages in a book. The most obvious method is to divide the virtual disk into groups of consecutive sectors the size of the individual physical disks and store them in this manner, rather like taking a large book and tearing it into smaller sections. This method is called _concatenation_ and has the advantage that the disks are not required to have any specific size relationships. It works well when the access to the virtual disk is spread evenly about its address space. When access is concentrated on a smaller area, the improvement is less marked. <<vinum-concat, Concatenated Organization>> illustrates the sequence in which storage units are allocated in a concatenated organization." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "The evenness of the load on the disks is strongly dependent on the way the data is shared across the drives. In the following discussion, it is convenient to think of the disk storage as a large number of data sectors which are addressable by number, rather like the pages in a book. The most obvious method is to divide the virtual disk into groups of consecutive sectors the size of the individual physical disks and store them in this manner, rather like taking a large book and tearing it into smaller sections. This method is called _concatenation_ and has the advantage that the disks are not required to have any specific size relationships. It works well when the access to the virtual disk is spread evenly about its address space. When access is concentrated on a smaller area, the improvement is less marked. <<vinum-concat, Concatenated Organization>> illustrates the sequence in which storage units are allocated in a concatenated organization." ], "id_hash": 4103678215996049713, "content_hash": 4103678215996049713, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:110", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 16, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 160, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615542/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615542, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=b8f3319860f40931", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615542/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:45.681088Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "An alternative mapping is to divide the address space into smaller, equal-sized components and store them sequentially on different devices. For example, the first 256 sectors may be stored on the first disk, the next 256 sectors on the next disk and so on. After filling the last disk, the process repeats until the disks are full. This mapping is called _striping_ or RAID-0." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "An alternative mapping is to divide the address space into smaller, equal-sized components and store them sequentially on different devices. For example, the first 256 sectors may be stored on the first disk, the next 256 sectors on the next disk and so on. After filling the last disk, the process repeats until the disks are full. This mapping is called _striping_ or RAID-0." ], "id_hash": -2728012366398615639, "content_hash": -2728012366398615639, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:119", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 19, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 64, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615544/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615544, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=5a242734d5f00fa9", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615544/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:45.766425Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "`RAID` offers various forms of fault tolerance, though RAID-0 is somewhat misleading as it provides no redundancy. Striping requires somewhat more effort to locate the data, and it can cause additional I/O load where a transfer is spread over multiple disks, but it can also provide a more constant load across the disks. <<vinum-striped, Striped Organization>> illustrates the sequence in which storage units are allocated in a striped organization." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "`RAID` offers various forms of fault tolerance, though RAID-0 is somewhat misleading as it provides no redundancy. Striping requires somewhat more effort to locate the data, and it can cause additional I/O load where a transfer is spread over multiple disks, but it can also provide a more constant load across the disks. <<vinum-striped, Striped Organization>> illustrates the sequence in which storage units are allocated in a striped organization." ], "id_hash": -3883038204928041130, "content_hash": -3883038204928041130, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:123", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 20, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 69, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615546/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615546, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=4a1cad5369fe5f56", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615546/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:45.789455Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "The final problem with disks is that they are unreliable. Although reliability has increased tremendously over the last few years, disk drives are still the most likely core component of a server to fail. When they do, the results can be catastrophic and replacing a failed disk drive and restoring data can result in server downtime." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "The final problem with disks is that they are unreliable. Although reliability has increased tremendously over the last few years, disk drives are still the most likely core component of a server to fail. When they do, the results can be catastrophic and replacing a failed disk drive and restoring data can result in server downtime." ], "id_hash": 7911934912235233892, "content_hash": 7911934912235233892, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:134", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 24, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 56, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615548/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615548, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=edccd6e229cae264", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615548/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:45.856427Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "One approach to this problem is _mirroring_, or `RAID-1`, which keeps two copies of the data on different physical hardware. Any write to the volume writes to both disks; a read can be satisfied from either, so if one drive fails, the data is still available on the other drive." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "One approach to this problem is _mirroring_, or `RAID-1`, which keeps two copies of the data on different physical hardware. Any write to the volume writes to both disks; a read can be satisfied from either, so if one drive fails, the data is still available on the other drive." ], "id_hash": 7838555565330293029, "content_hash": 7838555565330293029, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:137", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 25, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 50, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615550/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615550, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=ecc824c197ac6125", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615550/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:45.880513Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "An alternative solution is _parity_, implemented in `RAID` levels 2, 3, 4 and 5. Of these, `RAID-5` is the most interesting. As implemented in [.filename]#vinum#, it is a variant on a striped organization which dedicates one block of each stripe to parity one of the other blocks. As implemented by [.filename]#vinum#, a `RAID-5` plex is similar to a striped plex, except that it implements `RAID-5` by including a parity block in each stripe. As required by `RAID-5`, the location of this parity block changes from one stripe to the next. The numbers in the data blocks indicate the relative block numbers." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "An alternative solution is _parity_, implemented in `RAID` levels 2, 3, 4 and 5. Of these, `RAID-5` is the most interesting. As implemented in [.filename]#vinum#, it is a variant on a striped organization which dedicates one block of each stripe to parity one of the other blocks. As implemented by [.filename]#vinum#, a `RAID-5` plex is similar to a striped plex, except that it implements `RAID-5` by including a parity block in each stripe. As required by `RAID-5`, the location of this parity block changes from one stripe to the next. The numbers in the data blocks indicate the relative block numbers." ], "id_hash": 4031362327717579706, "content_hash": 4031362327717579706, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:149", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 29, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 101, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615552/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615552, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=b7f246ad907f8bba", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615552/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:45.946644Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "Compared to mirroring, `RAID-5` has the advantage of requiring significantly less storage space. Read access is similar to that of striped organizations, but write access is significantly slower, approximately 25% of the read performance. If one drive fails, the array can continue to operate in degraded mode where a read from one of the remaining accessible drives continues normally, but a read from the failed drive is recalculated from the corresponding block from all the remaining drives." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Compared to mirroring, `RAID-5` has the advantage of requiring significantly less storage space. Read access is similar to that of striped organizations, but write access is significantly slower, approximately 25% of the read performance. If one drive fails, the array can continue to operate in degraded mode where a read from one of the remaining accessible drives continues normally, but a read from the failed drive is recalculated from the corresponding block from all the remaining drives." ], "id_hash": 7217533674332650208, "content_hash": 7217533674332650208, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:157", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 32, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 77, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615554/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615554, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=e429d4a2fd047ae0", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615554/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:46.026523Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "Plexes can include multiple subdisks spread over all drives in the [.filename]#vinum# configuration. As a result, the size of an individual drive does not limit the size of a plex or a volume." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Plexes can include multiple subdisks spread over all drives in the [.filename]#vinum# configuration. As a result, the size of an individual drive does not limit the size of a plex or a volume." ], "id_hash": 164639879897831881, "content_hash": 164639879897831881, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:174", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 41, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 33, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615556/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615556, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=8248eb19352c59c9", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615556/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:49.620258Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "[.filename]#vinum# implements mirroring by attaching multiple plexes to a volume. Each plex is a representation of the data in a volume. A volume may contain between one and eight plexes." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "[.filename]#vinum# implements mirroring by attaching multiple plexes to a volume. Each plex is a representation of the data in a volume. A volume may contain between one and eight plexes." ], "id_hash": 1297570714794499923, "content_hash": 1297570714794499923, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:180", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 43, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 30, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615558/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615558, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=9201e5b0b6469f53", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615558/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:49.858915Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "Although a plex represents the complete data of a volume, it is possible for parts of the representation to be physically missing, either by design (by not defining a subdisk for parts of the plex) or by accident (as a result of the failure of a drive). As long as at least one plex can provide the data for the complete address range of the volume, the volume is fully functional." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Although a plex represents the complete data of a volume, it is possible for parts of the representation to be physically missing, either by design (by not defining a subdisk for parts of the plex) or by accident (as a result of the failure of a drive). As long as at least one plex can provide the data for the complete address range of the volume, the volume is fully functional." ], "id_hash": 6566928250328185784, "content_hash": 6566928250328185784, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:183", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 44, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 71, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615560/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615560, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=db226a735a49fbb8", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615560/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:49.912744Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "[.filename]#vinum# maintains a _configuration database_ which describes the objects known to an individual system. Initially, the user creates the configuration database from one or more configuration files using man:gvinum[8]. [.filename]#vinum# stores a copy of its configuration database on each disk _device_ under its control. This database is updated on each state change, so that a restart accurately restores the state of each [.filename]#vinum# object." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "[.filename]#vinum# maintains a _configuration database_ which describes the objects known to an individual system. Initially, the user creates the configuration database from one or more configuration files using man:gvinum[8]. [.filename]#vinum# stores a copy of its configuration database on each disk _device_ under its control. This database is updated on each state change, so that a restart accurately restores the state of each [.filename]#vinum# object." ], "id_hash": -7547997962201686508, "content_hash": -7547997962201686508, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:223", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 65, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 64, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615562/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615562, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=17401fd829989e14", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615562/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:50.453502Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "The configuration file describes individual [.filename]#vinum# objects. The definition of a simple volume might be:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "The configuration file describes individual [.filename]#vinum# objects. The definition of a simple volume might be:" ], "id_hash": -4551271977638425951, "content_hash": -4551271977638425951, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:228", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 67, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 15, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615564/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615564, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=40d6a24000ac0aa1", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615564/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:50.572321Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "This output shows the brief listing format of man:gvinum[8]. It is represented graphically in <<vinum-simple-vol, A Simple [.filename]#vinum# Volume>>." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "This output shows the brief listing format of man:gvinum[8]. It is represented graphically in <<vinum-simple-vol, A Simple [.filename]#vinum# Volume>>." ], "id_hash": -2824628523023690189, "content_hash": -2824628523023690189, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:267", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 80, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 19, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615566/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615566, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=58cce752e6bc9633", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615566/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:50.915596Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "This figure, and the ones which follow, represent a volume, which contains the plexes, which in turn contains the subdisks. In this example, the volume contains one plex, and the plex contains one subdisk." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "This figure, and the ones which follow, represent a volume, which contains the plexes, which in turn contains the subdisks. In this example, the volume contains one plex, and the plex contains one subdisk." ], "id_hash": -9096875932038706768, "content_hash": -9096875932038706768, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:274", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 83, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 34, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615568/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615568, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=01c16789810849b0", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615568/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:50.968075Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "This particular volume has no specific advantage over a conventional disk partition. It contains a single plex, so it is not redundant. The plex contains a single subdisk, so there is no difference in storage allocation from a conventional disk partition. The following sections illustrate various more interesting configuration methods." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "This particular volume has no specific advantage over a conventional disk partition. It contains a single plex, so it is not redundant. The plex contains a single subdisk, so there is no difference in storage allocation from a conventional disk partition. The following sections illustrate various more interesting configuration methods." ], "id_hash": 735830585959604203, "content_hash": 735830585959604203, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:279", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 84, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 50, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615570/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615570, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=8a363204f2fd5feb", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615570/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:50.990773Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "The resilience of a volume can be increased by mirroring. When laying out a mirrored volume, it is important to ensure that the subdisks of each plex are on different drives, so that a drive failure will not take down both plexes. The following configuration mirrors a volume:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "The resilience of a volume can be increased by mirroring. When laying out a mirrored volume, it is important to ensure that the subdisks of each plex are on different drives, so that a drive failure will not take down both plexes. The following configuration mirrors a volume:" ], "id_hash": -4589357484239329863, "content_hash": -4589357484239329863, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:285", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 86, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 48, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615572/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615572, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=404f53aefca265b9", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615572/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:51.030394Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "In this example, it was not necessary to specify a definition of drive _a_ again, since [.filename]#vinum# keeps track of all objects in its configuration database. After processing this definition, the configuration looks like:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "In this example, it was not necessary to specify a definition of drive _a_ again, since [.filename]#vinum# keeps track of all objects in its configuration database. After processing this definition, the configuration looks like:" ], "id_hash": 1455266550556988739, "content_hash": 1455266550556988739, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:298", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 88, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 34, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615574/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615574, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=94322537a7751543", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615574/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:51.093417Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "In this example, each plex contains the full 512 MB of address space. As in the previous example, each plex contains only a single subdisk." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "In this example, each plex contains the full 512 MB of address space. As in the previous example, each plex contains only a single subdisk." ], "id_hash": 2110948412592340250, "content_hash": 2110948412592340250, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:330", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 97, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 25, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615576/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615576, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=9d4b98659fbdbd1a", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615576/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:51.474598Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "The mirrored volume in the previous example is more resistant to failure than an unmirrored volume, but its performance is less as each write to the volume requires a write to both drives, using up a greater proportion of the total disk bandwidth. Performance considerations demand a different approach: instead of mirroring, the data is striped across as many disk drives as possible. The following configuration shows a volume with a plex striped across four disk drives:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "The mirrored volume in the previous example is more resistant to failure than an unmirrored volume, but its performance is less as each write to the volume requires a write to both drives, using up a greater proportion of the total disk bandwidth. Performance considerations demand a different approach: instead of mirroring, the data is striped across as many disk drives as possible. The following configuration shows a volume with a plex striped across four disk drives:" ], "id_hash": -4463817972708164621, "content_hash": -4463817972708164621, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:336", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 99, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 77, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615578/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615578, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=420d553442b9bbf3", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615578/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:51.532747Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "As before, it is not necessary to define the drives which are already known to [.filename]#vinum#. After processing this definition, the configuration looks like:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "As before, it is not necessary to define the drives which are already known to [.filename]#vinum#. After processing this definition, the configuration looks like:" ], "id_hash": -8939521218673766628, "content_hash": -8939521218673766628, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:351", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 101, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 24, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615580/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615580, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=03f070d0b2e20f1c", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615580/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:51.570533Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "This volume is represented in <<vinum-striped-vol, A Striped [.filename]#vinum# Volume>>. The darkness of the stripes indicates the position within the plex address space, where the lightest stripes come first and the darkest last." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "This volume is represented in <<vinum-striped-vol, A Striped [.filename]#vinum# Volume>>. The darkness of the stripes indicates the position within the plex address space, where the lightest stripes come first and the darkest last." ], "id_hash": 1316074502999744929, "content_hash": 1316074502999744929, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:389", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 109, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 33, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615582/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615582, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=9243a2c9a13fa1a1", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615582/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:51.759259Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "[[vinum-resilience]]With sufficient hardware, it is possible to build volumes which show both increased resilience and increased performance compared to standard UNIX(R) partitions. A typical configuration file might be:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "[[vinum-resilience]]With sufficient hardware, it is possible to build volumes which show both increased resilience and increased performance compared to standard UNIX(R) partitions. A typical configuration file might be:" ], "id_hash": 5123023479977977679, "content_hash": 5123023479977977679, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:394", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 111, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 28, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615584/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615584, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=c718a2b64c12a74f", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615584/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:51.795723Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "The subdisks of the second plex are offset by two drives from those of the first plex. This helps to ensure that writes do not go to the same subdisks even if a transfer goes over two drives." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "The subdisks of the second plex are offset by two drives from those of the first plex. This helps to ensure that writes do not go to the same subdisks even if a transfer goes over two drives." ], "id_hash": -2581721788182370385, "content_hash": -2581721788182370385, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:414", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 113, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 38, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615586/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615586, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=5c2be1b65280e7af", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615586/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:51.833556Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "[.filename]#vinum# assigns default names to plexes and subdisks, although they may be overridden. Overriding the default names is not recommended as it does not bring a significant advantage and it can cause confusion." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "[.filename]#vinum# assigns default names to plexes and subdisks, although they may be overridden. Overriding the default names is not recommended as it does not bring a significant advantage and it can cause confusion." ], "id_hash": -569171079883442092, "content_hash": -569171079883442092, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:426", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 118, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 33, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615588/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615588, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=7819e5eb1f1f3854", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615588/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:52.001486Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "Names may contain any non-blank character, but it is recommended to restrict them to letters, digits and the underscore characters. The names of volumes, plexes, and subdisks may be up to 64 characters long, and the names of drives may be up to 32 characters long." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Names may contain any non-blank character, but it is recommended to restrict them to letters, digits and the underscore characters. The names of volumes, plexes, and subdisks may be up to 64 characters long, and the names of drives may be up to 32 characters long." ], "id_hash": 6908578339117564682, "content_hash": 6908578339117564682, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:429", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 119, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 46, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615590/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615590, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=dfe033656e0f830a", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615590/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:52.025032Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "[.filename]#vinum# objects are assigned device nodes in the hierarchy [.filename]#/dev/gvinum#. The configuration shown above would cause [.filename]#vinum# to create the following device nodes:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "[.filename]#vinum# objects are assigned device nodes in the hierarchy [.filename]#/dev/gvinum#. The configuration shown above would cause [.filename]#vinum# to create the following device nodes:" ], "id_hash": 1075647760239141588, "content_hash": 1075647760239141588, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:432", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 120, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 23, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615592/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615592, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=8eed77f05c7fa2d4", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615592/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:52.047308Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "Although it is recommended that plexes and subdisks should not be allocated specific names, [.filename]#vinum# drives must be named. This makes it possible to move a drive to a different location and still recognize it automatically. Drive names may be up to 32 characters long." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Although it is recommended that plexes and subdisks should not be allocated specific names, [.filename]#vinum# drives must be named. This makes it possible to move a drive to a different location and still recognize it automatically. Drive names may be up to 32 characters long." ], "id_hash": 4459509925459999038, "content_hash": 4459509925459999038, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:477", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 130, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 45, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615594/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615594, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=bde35ca6535f393e", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615594/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:52.547305Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?format=api", "source": [ "Volumes appear to the system to be identical to disks, with one exception. Unlike UNIX(R) drives, [.filename]#vinum# does not partition volumes, which thus do not contain a partition table. This has required modification to some disk utilities, notably man:newfs[8], so that it does not try to interpret the last letter of a [.filename]#vinum# volume name as a partition identifier. For example, a disk drive may have a name like [.filename]#/dev/ad0a# or [.filename]#/dev/da2h#. These names represent the first partition ([.filename]#a#) on the first (0) IDE disk ([.filename]#ad#) and the eighth partition ([.filename]#h#) on the third (2) SCSI disk ([.filename]#da#) respectively. By contrast, a [.filename]#vinum# volume might be called [.filename]#/dev/gvinum/concat#, which has no relationship with a partition name." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Volumes appear to the system to be identical to disks, with one exception. Unlike UNIX(R) drives, [.filename]#vinum# does not partition volumes, which thus do not contain a partition table. This has required modification to some disk utilities, notably man:newfs[8], so that it does not try to interpret the last letter of a [.filename]#vinum# volume name as a partition identifier. For example, a disk drive may have a name like [.filename]#/dev/ad0a# or [.filename]#/dev/da2h#. These names represent the first partition ([.filename]#a#) on the first (0) IDE disk ([.filename]#ad#) and the eighth partition ([.filename]#h#) on the third (2) SCSI disk ([.filename]#da#) respectively. By contrast, a [.filename]#vinum# volume might be called [.filename]#/dev/gvinum/concat#, which has no relationship with a partition name." ], "id_hash": 6087635156595497434, "content_hash": 6087635156595497434, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:486", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 132, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 116, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615596/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615596, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvinum_index/en/?checksum=d47b9febd70dd9da", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615596/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:52.631054Z" } ] }