Units
Translation components API.
See the Weblate's Web API documentation for detailed description of the API.
GET /api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/units/?format=api&page=4
{ "count": 293, "next": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/units/?format=api&page=5", "previous": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/units/?format=api&page=3", "results": [ { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "Next comes a loop that looks for the FreeBSD slice. Although [.filename]#boot0# loaded [.filename]#boot1# from the FreeBSD slice, no information was passed to it about this footnote:[Actually we did pass a pointer to the slice entry in register %si. However, boot1 does not assume that it was loaded by boot0 (perhaps some other MBR loaded it, and did not pass this information), so it assumes nothing.], so [.filename]#boot1# must rescan the partition table to find where the FreeBSD slice starts. Therefore it rereads the MBR:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Después viene un bucle que busca la sección FreeBSD. Aunque [.filename]#boot0# cargó [.filename]#boot1# desde la sección de FreeBSD, no se ha pasado ninguna información acerca de esto footnote:[En realidad sí pasamos un puntero a la entrada de la sección en el registro %si. Sin embargo, boot1 no asume que haya sido cargado por boot0 (quizás lo ha cargado otro MBR, y no ha pasado esta información), de forma que no asume nada.], de forma que [.filename]#boot1# debe escanear de nuevo la tabla de particiones para ver dónde comienza la sección FreeBSD. Por lo tanto vuelve a leer el MBR:" ], "id_hash": 199705865650798565, "content_hash": 199705865650798565, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:553", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 97, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 85, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436481/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436823, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=82c57f6d3dad7fe5", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436823/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:18.256518Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "[.filename]#stand/i386/boot2/boot1.S# [[boot-boot1-find-freebsd]]" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "[.filename]#stand/i386/boot2/boot1.S# [[boot-boot1-find-freebsd]]" ], "id_hash": -2624526761936343516, "content_hash": -2624526761936343516, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:563", "context": "", "note": "type: Block title", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 99, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 2, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436483/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436824, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=5b93ced0bb472e24", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436824/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:18.263034Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "In the code above, register `%dl` maintains information about the boot device. This is passed on by the BIOS and preserved by the MBR. Numbers `0x80` and greater tells us that we are dealing with a hard drive, so a call is made to `nread`, where the MBR is read. Arguments to `nread` are passed through `%si` and `%dh`. The memory address at label `part4` is copied to `%si`. This memory address holds a \"fake partition\" to be used by `nread`. The following is the data in the fake partition:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "En el código de arriba, el registro `%dl` mantiene información acerca del dispositivo de arranque. Ésta ha sido pasada por la BIOS y preservada por el MBR. Los números `0x80` y mayores nos dicen que estamos tratando con un disco duro, de forma que se hace una llamada a `nread`, donde se lee el MBR. Los argumentos de `nread` se pasan mediante `%si` y `%dh`. La dirección de memoria en la etiqueta `part4` se copia a `%si`. Esta dirección de memoria contienen una \"partición de mentira\" para ser usada por `nread`. Lo que sigue son los datos en la partición de mentira:" ], "id_hash": 9065425798010783789, "content_hash": 9065425798010783789, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:571", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 100, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 90, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436485/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436825, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=fdcedcbb8c18482d", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436825/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:18.267294Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "[.filename]#stand/i386/boot2/boot1.S# [[boot-boot2-make-fake-partition]]" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "[.filename]#stand/i386/boot2/boot1.S# [[boot-boot2-make-fake-partition]]" ], "id_hash": 1297518756750365749, "content_hash": 1297518756750365749, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:581", "context": "", "note": "type: Block title", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 102, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 2, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436487/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436826, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=9201b66f49831435", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436826/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:18.274180Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "In particular, the LBA for this fake partition is hardcoded to zero. This is used as an argument to the BIOS for reading absolute sector one from the hard drive. Alternatively, CHS addressing could be used. In this case, the fake partition holds cylinder 0, head 0 and sector 1, which is equivalent to absolute sector one." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "En particular, el LBA para esta partición falsa está establecida a cero. Esto se utiliza como argumento para que la BIOS lea el sector absoluto uno del disco duro. Alternativamente, se podría utilizar el direccionamiento CHS. En este caso, la partición falsa contiene el cilindro 0, la cabeza 0 y el sector 1, que es equivalente al sector uno absoluto." ], "id_hash": -4766588281638931913, "content_hash": -4766588281638931913, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:586", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 103, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 57, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436489/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436827, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=3dd9ad365a5f3237", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436827/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:18.354847Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "nread:\n mov $MEM_BUF,%bx\t\t# Transfer buffer\n mov 0x8(%si),%ax\t\t# Get\n mov 0xa(%si),%cx\t\t# LBA\n push %cs\t\t\t# Read from\n callw xread.1\t\t# disk\n jnc return\t\t# If success, return\n" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "nread:\n mov $MEM_BUF,%bx\t\t# Transfer buffer\n mov 0x8(%si),%ax\t\t# Get\n mov 0xa(%si),%cx\t\t# LBA\n push %cs\t\t\t# Read from\n callw xread.1\t\t# disk\n jnc return\t\t# If success, return\n" ], "id_hash": 3166050743707279503, "content_hash": 3166050743707279503, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:598", "context": "", "note": "type: delimited block . 4", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 105, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 29, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436491/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436828, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=abf012607f88a08f", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436828/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:18.363746Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "[.filename]#stand/i386/boot2/boot1.S# [[boot-boot1-nread]]" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "[.filename]#stand/i386/boot2/boot1.S# [[boot-boot1-nread]]" ], "id_hash": -4254986199812818215, "content_hash": -4254986199812818215, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:600", "context": "", "note": "type: Block title", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 106, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 2, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436493/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436829, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=44f340985bf7bad9", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436829/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:18.367967Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "Recall that `%si` points to the fake partition. The word footnote:[In the context of 16-bit real mode, a word is 2 bytes.] at offset `0x8` is copied to register `%ax` and word at offset `0xa` to `%cx`. They are interpreted by the BIOS as the lower 4-byte value denoting the LBA to be read (the upper four bytes are assumed to be zero). Register `%bx` holds the memory address where the MBR will be loaded. The instruction pushing `%cs` onto the stack is very interesting. In this context, it accomplishes nothing. However, as we will see shortly, [.filename]#boot2#, in conjunction with the BTX server, also uses `xread.1`. This mechanism will be discussed in the next section." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Recuerda que `%si` apunta a una partición falsa. La palabra footnote:[En el contexto del modo real de 16 bits, una palabra son 2 bytes.] en el desplazamiento `0x8` se copia al registro `%ax` y la palabra en el desplazamiento `0xa` se copia a `%cx`. Son interpretados por la BIOS como los 4 bytes más bajos que denotan el LBA a leer (los cuatro bytes más altos se asume que son cero). El registro `%bx` contiene la dirección de memoria donde se cargará el MBR. La instrucción que empuja `%cs` a la pila es muy interesante. En este contexto, no hace nada. Sin embargo, como veremos en breve, [.filename]#boot2#, junto con el servidor BTX, también usa `xread.1`. Este mecanismo se discutirá en la siguiente sección." ], "id_hash": -648026375823057690, "content_hash": -648026375823057690, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:609", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 107, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 116, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436495/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436830, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=7701bf71cffb9ce6", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436830/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:18.371696Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "[.filename]#stand/i386/boot2/boot1.S# [[boot-boot1-xread1]]" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "[.filename]#stand/i386/boot2/boot1.S# [[boot-boot1-xread1]]" ], "id_hash": 2250317972501826059, "content_hash": 2250317972501826059, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:630", "context": "", "note": "type: Block title", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 110, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 2, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436497/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436831, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=9f3abc45f6a60a0b", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436831/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:18.457425Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "Note the long return instruction at the end of this block. This instruction pops out the `%cs` register pushed by `nread`, and returns. Finally, `nread` also returns." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Fíjate en la instrucción de retorno de lejos al final de este bloque. Esta instrucción saca el registro `%cs` empujado por `nread`, y retorno. Finalmente, `nread` también retorna." ], "id_hash": 9058264340938275794, "content_hash": 9058264340938275794, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:634", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 111, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 27, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436499/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436832, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=fdb56b6ce336bbd2", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436832/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:18.461071Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "\tmov $0x1,%cx\t\t # Two passes\nmain.1:\n\tmov $MEM_BUF+PRT_OFF,%si # Partition table\n\tmovb $0x1,%dh\t\t # Partition\nmain.2:\n\tcmpb $PRT_BSD,0x4(%si)\t # Our partition type?\n\tjne main.3\t\t # No\n\tjcxz main.5\t\t # If second pass\n\ttestb $0x80,(%si)\t # Active?\n\tjnz main.5\t\t # Yes\nmain.3:\n\tadd $0x10,%si\t\t # Next entry\n\tincb %dh\t\t # Partition\n\tcmpb $0x1+PRT_NUM,%dh\t\t # In table?\n\tjb main.2\t\t # Yes\n\tdec %cx\t\t\t # Do two\n\tjcxz main.1\t\t # passes\n" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "\tmov $0x1,%cx\t\t # Two passes\nmain.1:\n\tmov $MEM_BUF+PRT_OFF,%si # Partition table\n\tmovb $0x1,%dh\t\t # Partition\nmain.2:\n\tcmpb $PRT_BSD,0x4(%si)\t # Our partition type?\n\tjne main.3\t\t # No\n\tjcxz main.5\t\t # If second pass\n\ttestb $0x80,(%si)\t # Active?\n\tjnz main.5\t\t # Yes\nmain.3:\n\tadd $0x10,%si\t\t # Next entry\n\tincb %dh\t\t # Partition\n\tcmpb $0x1+PRT_NUM,%dh\t\t # In table?\n\tjb main.2\t\t # Yes\n\tdec %cx\t\t\t # Do two\n\tjcxz main.1\t\t # passes\n" ], "id_hash": 1607329214550244567, "content_hash": 1607329214550244567, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:656", "context": "", "note": "type: delimited block . 4", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 113, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 68, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436501/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436833, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=964e6167965ffcd7", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436833/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:18.468030Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "[.filename]#stand/i386/boot2/boot1.S# [[boot-boot1-find-part]]" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "[.filename]#stand/i386/boot2/boot1.S# [[boot-boot1-find-part]]" ], "id_hash": -7530428471526949976, "content_hash": -7530428471526949976, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:658", "context": "", "note": "type: Block title", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 114, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 2, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436503/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436834, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=177e8b33fc25fba8", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436834/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:18.553920Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "If a FreeBSD slice is identified, execution continues at `main.5`. Note that when a FreeBSD slice is found `%si` points to the appropriate entry in the partition table, and `%dh` holds the partition number. We assume that a FreeBSD slice is found, so we continue execution at `main.5`:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Si se identifica una sección FreeBSD, la ejecución continúa en `main.5`. Fíjate que cuando se encuentra una sección FreeBSD `%si` apunta a la entrada apropiada en la tabla de particiones, y que `%dh` contiene el número de partición. Asumimos que no se ha encontrado una sección FreeBSD, de forma que continuamos la ejecución en `main.5`:" ], "id_hash": -2037657837001374581, "content_hash": -2037657837001374581, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:662", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 115, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 48, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436505/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436835, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=63b8c8fe43be048b", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436835/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:18.558932Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "main.5:\n\tmov %dx,MEM_ARG\t\t\t # Save args\n\tmovb $NSECT,%dh\t\t\t # Sector count\n\tcallw nread\t\t\t # Read disk\n\tmov $MEM_BTX,%bx\t\t\t # BTX\n\tmov 0xa(%bx),%si\t\t # Get BTX length and set\n\tadd %bx,%si\t\t\t # %si to start of boot2.bin\n\tmov $MEM_USR+SIZ_PAG*2,%di\t\t\t # Client page 2\n\tmov $MEM_BTX+(NSECT-1)*SIZ_SEC,%cx\t\t\t # Byte\n\tsub %si,%cx\t\t\t # count\n\trep\t\t\t\t # Relocate\n\tmovsb\t\t\t\t # client\n" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "main.5:\n\tmov %dx,MEM_ARG\t\t\t # Save args\n\tmovb $NSECT,%dh\t\t\t # Sector count\n\tcallw nread\t\t\t # Read disk\n\tmov $MEM_BTX,%bx\t\t\t # BTX\n\tmov 0xa(%bx),%si\t\t # Get BTX length and set\n\tadd %bx,%si\t\t\t # %si to start of boot2.bin\n\tmov $MEM_USR+SIZ_PAG*2,%di\t\t\t # Client page 2\n\tmov $MEM_BTX+(NSECT-1)*SIZ_SEC,%cx\t\t\t # Byte\n\tsub %si,%cx\t\t\t # count\n\trep\t\t\t\t # Relocate\n\tmovsb\t\t\t\t # client\n" ], "id_hash": -4517682918668327486, "content_hash": -4517682918668327486, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:677", "context": "", "note": "type: delimited block . 4", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 116, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 56, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436507/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436836, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=414df75238eca5c2", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436836/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:18.564130Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "[.filename]#stand/i386/boot2/boot1.S# [[boot-boot1-main5]]" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "[.filename]#stand/i386/boot2/boot1.S# [[boot-boot1-main5]]" ], "id_hash": 4243642389778874410, "content_hash": 4243642389778874410, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:679", "context": "", "note": "type: Block title", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 117, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 2, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436509/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436837, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=bae472450c8f402a", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436837/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:18.570382Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "Recall that at this point, register `%si` points to the FreeBSD slice entry in the MBR partition table, so a call to `nread` will effectively read sectors at the beginning of this partition. The argument passed on register `%dh` tells `nread` to read 16 disk sectors. Recall that the first 512 bytes, or the first sector of the FreeBSD slice, coincides with the [.filename]#boot1# program. Also recall that the file written to the beginning of the FreeBSD slice is not [.filename]#/boot/boot1#, but [.filename]#/boot/boot#. Let us look at the size of these files in the filesystem:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Recuerda que en este punto, el registro `%si` apunta a la entrada de la sección FreeBSD en la tabla de particiones del MBR, de forma que una llamada a `nread` leerá los sectores al comienzo de esta partición. El argumento pasado en el registro `%dh ` le indica a `nread` que lea 16 sectores de disco. Recuerda que los primeros 512 bytes, el primero sector de la sección FreeBSD, coincide con el programa [.filename]#boot1#. Recuerda también que el fichero escrito al comienzo de la sección FreeBSD no es [.filename]#/boot/boot1#, sino [.filename]#/boot/boot#. Veamos los tamaños de estos ficheros en el sistema de ficheros:" ], "id_hash": -1271988009702216039, "content_hash": -1271988009702216039, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:685", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 118, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 95, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436511/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436838, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=6e58fda4fb24ae99", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436838/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:18.657725Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "Both [.filename]#boot0# and [.filename]#boot1# are 512 bytes each, so they fit _exactly_ in one disk sector. [.filename]#boot2# is much bigger, holding both the BTX server and the [.filename]#boot2# client. Finally, a file called simply [.filename]#boot# is 512 bytes larger than [.filename]#boot2#. This file is a concatenation of [.filename]#boot1# and [.filename]#boot2#. As already noted, [.filename]#boot0# is the file written to the absolute first disk sector (the MBR), and [.filename]#boot# is the file written to the first sector of the FreeBSD slice; [.filename]#boot1# and [.filename]#boot2# are _not_ written to disk. The command used to concatenate [.filename]#boot1# and [.filename]#boot2# into a single [.filename]#boot# is merely `cat boot1 boot2 > boot`." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Tanto [.filename]#boot0# como [.filename]#boot1# ocupa 512 bytes cada uno, de forma que caben _exactamente_ en un sector de disco. [.filename]#boot2# es mucho más grande, conteniendo tanto el servidor BTX y el cliente [.filename]#boot2#. Finalmente un fichero llamado simplemente [.filename]#boot# es 512 bytes más grande que [.filename]#boot2#. Este fichero es la concatenación de [.filename]#boot1# y [.filename]#boot2#. Como ya se ha comentado, [.filename]#boot0# es el fichero escrito en el primer sector absoluto de disco (el MBR), y [.filename]#boot# es el fichero escrito en el primer sector de la sección FreeBSD; [.filename]#boot1# y [.filename]#boot2# _no_ se escriben a disco. El comando usado para concatenar [.filename]#boot1# y [.filename]#boot2# en un sólo [.filename]#boot# es meramente `cat boot1 boot2 > boot`." ], "id_hash": -7526841166043570449, "content_hash": -7526841166043570449, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:700", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 120, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 107, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436513/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436839, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=178b49d6a12f9eef", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436839/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:18.672646Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "So [.filename]#boot1# occupies exactly the first 512 bytes of [.filename]#boot# and, because [.filename]#boot# is written to the first sector of the FreeBSD slice, [.filename]#boot1# fits exactly in this first sector. When `nread` reads the first 16 sectors of the FreeBSD slice, it effectively reads the entire [.filename]#boot# file footnote:[512*16=8192 bytes, exactly the size of boot]. We will see more details about how [.filename]#boot# is formed from [.filename]#boot1# and [.filename]#boot2# in the next section." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Así que [.filename]#boot1# ocupa exactamente los primeros 512 bytes de [.filename]#boot# y, debido a que [.filename]#boot# se escribe en el primer sector de la sección FreeBSD, [.filename]#boot1# encaja exactamente en este primer sector. Cuando `nread` lee los primeros 16 sectores de la sección FreeBSD, lee de forma efectiva el fichero [.filename]#boot# entero footnote:[512*16=8192 bytes, exactamente el tamaño de boot]. Veremos más detalles acerca de cómo se forma [.filename]#boot# a partir de [.filename]#boot1# y [.filename]#boot2# en la siguiente sección." ], "id_hash": -8185380937923487860, "content_hash": -8185380937923487860, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:704", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 121, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 73, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436515/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436840, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=0e67af67abd1178c", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436840/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:18.756378Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "Recall that `nread` uses memory address `0x8c00` as the transfer buffer to hold the sectors read. This address is conveniently chosen. Indeed, because [.filename]#boot1# belongs to the first 512 bytes, it ends up in the address range `0x8c00`-`0x8dff`. The 512 bytes that follows (range `0x8e00`-`0x8fff`) is used to store the _bsdlabel_ footnote:[Historically known as disklabel. If you ever wondered where FreeBSD stored this information, it is in this region - see man:bsdlabel[8]]." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Recuerda que `nread` utiliza la dirección de memoria `0x8c00` como búfer de transferencia para guardar los sectores leídos. Esta dirección se escoge por conveniencia. De hecho, como [.filename]#boot1# está en los primeros 512 bytes, termina estando en el rango `0x8c00` - `0x8dff`. Los 512 bytes que siguen (rango `0x8e00` - `0x8fff`) se usan para almacenar la _bsdlabel_ footnote:[Históricamente conocida como disklabel. Si alguna vez te has preguntado dónde almacenaba FreeBSD esta información, es en esta región - consulta man:bsdlabel[8]]." ], "id_hash": 9019789556625545225, "content_hash": 9019789556625545225, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:710", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 122, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 72, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436517/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436841, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=fd2cbad017719809", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436841/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:18.769419Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "Starting at address `0x9000` is the beginning of the BTX server, and immediately following is the [.filename]#boot2# client. The BTX server acts as a kernel, and executes in protected mode in the most privileged level. In contrast, the BTX clients ([.filename]#boot2#, for example), execute in user mode. We will see how this is accomplished in the next section. The code after the call to `nread` locates the beginning of [.filename]#boot2# in the memory buffer, and copies it to memory address `0xc000`. This is because the BTX server arranges [.filename]#boot2# to execute in a segment starting at `0xa000`. We explore this in detail in the following section." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "El servidor BTX comienza en la dirección `0x9000`, e inmediatamente después está el cliente [.filename]#boot2#. El servidor BTX actúa como un kernel, y se ejecuta en modo protegido en el nivel de privilegio más elevado. En contraste, los clientes BTX ([.filename]#boot2#, por ejemplo), se ejecutan en modo usuario. En la siguiente sección veremos cómo se consigue esto. El código después de la llamada a `nread` localiza el comienzo de [.filename]#boot2# en el búfer de memoria, y lo copia a la dirección de memoria `0xc000`. Esto es porque el servidor BTX prepara a [.filename]#boot2# para que se ejecute en el segmento que comienza en `0xa000`. Exploramos esto en detalle en la siguiente sección." ], "id_hash": -7199653477764174426, "content_hash": -7199653477764174426, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:718", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 123, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 106, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436519/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436842, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=1c15b14eaff5eda6", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436842/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:18.857410Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "The last code block of [.filename]#boot1# enables access to memory above 1MB footnote:[This is necessary for legacy reasons. Interested readers should see .] and concludes with a jump to the starting point of the BTX server:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "El último bloque de código de [.filename]#boot1# habilita el acceso a memoria por encima de 1B footnote:[Esto es necesario por razones históricas. Los lectores interesados deberían leer .] y termina con un salto al punto de inicio del servidor BTX:" ], "id_hash": -8599564056970783237, "content_hash": -8599564056970783237, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:721", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 124, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 36, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436521/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436843, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=08a8360d790a15fb", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436843/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:18.870046Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "[.filename]#stand/i386/boot2/boot1.S# [[boot-boot1-seta20]]" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "[.filename]#stand/i386/boot2/boot1.S# [[boot-boot1-seta20]]" ], "id_hash": 3441020157834176854, "content_hash": 3441020157834176854, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:746", "context": "", "note": "type: Block title", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 127, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 2, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436523/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436844, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=afc0f59a2caa2956", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436844/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:19.054000Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "Next in our boot sequence is the BTX Server. Let us quickly remember how we got here:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Lo siguiente en nuestra secuencia de arranque es el servidor BTX. Recordemos brevemente cómo hemos llegado hasta aquí:" ], "id_hash": 2878380189992046253, "content_hash": 2878380189992046253, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:754", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 130, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 17, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436525/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436845, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=a7f20f8850ff4ead", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436845/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:19.075793Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "[.filename]#boot0# relocates itself to `0x600`, the address it was linked to execute, and jumps over there. It then reads the first sector of the FreeBSD slice (which consists of [.filename]#boot1#) into address `0x7c00` and jumps over there." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "[.filename]#boot0# se recoloca a sí mismo en `0x600`, la dirección en la que fue enlazado para ejecutarse, y salta allí. Después lee el primer sector de la sección FreeBSD (que consiste en [.filename]#boot1#) en la dirección `0x7c00` y salta allí." ], "id_hash": 2041011441855066527, "content_hash": 2041011441855066527, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:758", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 132, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 37, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436527/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436846, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=9c532117b647719f", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436846/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:19.162713Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "[.filename]#boot1# loads the first 16 sectors of the FreeBSD slice into address `0x8c00`. This 16 sectors, or 8192 bytes, is the whole file [.filename]#boot#. The file is a concatenation of [.filename]#boot1# and [.filename]#boot2#. [.filename]#boot2#, in turn, contains the BTX server and the [.filename]#boot2# client. Finally, a jump is made to address `0x9010`, the entry point of the BTX server." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "[.filename]#boot1# carga los primeros 16 sectores de la sección FreeBSD en la dirección `0x8c00`. Estos 16 sectores, o 8192 bytes, el fichero [.filename]#boot# entero. El fichero es una concatenación de [.filename]#boot1# y [.filename]#boot2#. [.filename]#boot2#, a su vez, contiene el servidor BTX y el cliente [.filename]#boot2#. Finalmente, se salta a la dirección `0x9010`, el punto de entrada del servidor BTX." ], "id_hash": -5495341132959939807, "content_hash": -5495341132959939807, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:763", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 133, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 59, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436529/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436847, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=33bca05aea548321", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436847/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:19.170150Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "Before studying the BTX Server in detail, let us further review how the single, all-in-one [.filename]#boot# file is created. The way [.filename]#boot# is built is defined in its [.filename]#Makefile# ([.filename]#stand/i386/boot2/Makefile#). Let us look at the rule that creates the [.filename]#boot# file:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Antes de estudiar el Servidor BTX en detalle, revisemos un poco más como se crea el fichero único, todo en uno [.filename]#boot#. La forma en la que se construye [.filename]#boot# está definida en su [.filename]#Makefile# ([.filename]#stand/i386/boot2/Makefile#). Veamos la regla que crea el fichero [.filename]#boot#:" ], "id_hash": -3831755033042836894, "content_hash": -3831755033042836894, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:767", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 134, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 41, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436531/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436848, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=4ad2df19552aa262", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436848/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:19.174349Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "[.filename]#stand/i386/boot2/Makefile# [[boot-boot1-make-boot]]" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "[.filename]#stand/i386/boot2/Makefile# [[boot-boot1-make-boot]]" ], "id_hash": 6590127160931882684, "content_hash": 6590127160931882684, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:774", "context": "", "note": "type: Block title", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 136, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 2, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436533/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436849, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=db74d5bca3ff96bc", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436849/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:19.276728Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "This tells us that [.filename]#boot1# and [.filename]#boot2# are needed, and the rule simply concatenates them to produce a single file called [.filename]#boot#. The rules for creating [.filename]#boot1# are also quite simple:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Esto nos dice que se necesitan [.filename]#boot1# y [.filename]#boot2#, y la regla simplemente los concatena para producir un sólo fichero llamado [.filename]#boot#. Las reglas para crear [.filename]#boot1# también son bastante sencillas:" ], "id_hash": 8283236322369440866, "content_hash": 8283236322369440866, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:777", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 137, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 31, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436535/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436850, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=f2f3f78c79718c62", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436850/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:19.356429Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ " boot1: boot1.out\n\t${OBJCOPY} -S -O binary boot1.out ${.TARGET}\n" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ " boot1: boot1.out\n\t${OBJCOPY} -S -O binary boot1.out ${.TARGET}\n" ], "id_hash": 8684464014956762904, "content_hash": 8684464014956762904, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:782", "context": "", "note": "type: delimited block . 4", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 138, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 8, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436537/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436851, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=f8856a0264291718", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436851/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:19.367126Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ " boot1.out: boot1.o\n\t${LD} ${LD_FLAGS} -e start --defsym ORG=${ORG1} -T ${LDSCRIPT} -o ${.TARGET} boot1.o\n" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ " boot1.out: boot1.o\n\t${LD} ${LD_FLAGS} -e start --defsym ORG=${ORG1} -T ${LDSCRIPT} -o ${.TARGET} boot1.o\n" ], "id_hash": -6298642693100211816, "content_hash": -6298642693100211816, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:785", "context": "", "note": "type: delimited block . 4", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 139, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 13, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436539/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436852, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=2896b9d79ea6f198", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436852/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:19.372091Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "[.filename]#stand/i386/boot2/Makefile# [[boot-boot1-make-boot1]]" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "[.filename]#stand/i386/boot2/Makefile# [[boot-boot1-make-boot1]]" ], "id_hash": -748263729694515537, "content_hash": -748263729694515537, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:787", "context": "", "note": "type: Block title", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 140, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 2, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436541/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436853, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=759da21a313fdeaf", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436853/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:19.457335Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "To apply the rule for creating [.filename]#boot1#, [.filename]#boot1.out# must be resolved. This, in turn, depends on the existence of [.filename]#boot1.o#. This last file is simply the result of assembling our familiar [.filename]#boot1.S#, without linking. Now, the rule for creating [.filename]#boot1.out# is applied. This tells us that [.filename]#boot1.o# should be linked with `start` as its entry point, and starting at address `0x7c00`. Finally, [.filename]#boot1# is created from [.filename]#boot1.out# applying the appropriate rule. This rule is the [.filename]#objcopy# command applied to [.filename]#boot1.out#. Note the flags passed to [.filename]#objcopy#: `-S` tells it to strip all relocation and symbolic information; `-O binary` indicates the output format, that is, a simple, unformatted binary file." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Para aplicar la regla para crear [.filename]#boot1#, se tiene que resolver [.filename]#boot1.out#. Esto, a su vez, depende de la existencia de [.filename]#boot1.o#. Este último fichero es simplemente el resultado de ensamblar nuestro familiar [.filename]#boot1.S#, sin enlazarlo. Ahora, se aplica la regla para crear [.filename]#boot1.out#. Esto nos dice que [.filename]#boot1.o# se debería enlazar con `start`como su punto de entrada, y empezar en la dirección `0x7c00`. Finalmente se crea [.filename]#boot1# a partir de [.filename]#boot1.out# aplicando la regla apropiada. Esta regla es el comando [.filename]#objcopy# aplicado a [.filename]#boot1.out#. Fíjate en los flags pasados a [.filename]#objcopy#: `-S` le indica que se deshaga de toda la información sobre símbolos y recolocación; `-O binary` indica el formato de salida, es decir, un fichero binario simple, sin formato." ], "id_hash": -2868983152350088472, "content_hash": -2868983152350088472, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:796", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 141, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 109, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436543/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436854, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=582f53060197b2e8", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436854/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:19.461180Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ " boot2: boot2.ld\n\t@set -- `ls -l ${.ALLSRC}`; x=$$((${BOOT2SIZE}-$$5)); \\\n\t echo \"$$x bytes available\"; test $$x -ge 0\n\t${DD} if=${.ALLSRC} of=${.TARGET} bs=${BOOT2SIZE} conv=sync\n" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ " boot2: boot2.ld\n\t@set -- `ls -l ${.ALLSRC}`; x=$$((${BOOT2SIZE}-$$5)); \\\n\t echo \"$$x bytes available\"; test $$x -ge 0\n\t${DD} if=${.ALLSRC} of=${.TARGET} bs=${BOOT2SIZE} conv=sync\n" ], "id_hash": -6377382996493302407, "content_hash": -6377382996493302407, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:805", "context": "", "note": "type: delimited block . 4", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 143, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 22, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436545/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436855, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=277efbf419668579", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436855/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:19.554851Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ " boot2.ld: boot2.ldr boot2.bin ${BTXKERN}\n\tbtxld -v -E ${ORG2} -f bin -b ${BTXKERN} -l boot2.ldr \\\n\t -o ${.TARGET} -P 1 boot2.bin\n" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ " boot2.ld: boot2.ldr boot2.bin ${BTXKERN}\n\tbtxld -v -E ${ORG2} -f bin -b ${BTXKERN} -l boot2.ldr \\\n\t -o ${.TARGET} -P 1 boot2.bin\n" ], "id_hash": -2281190368371778643, "content_hash": -2281190368371778643, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:809", "context": "", "note": "type: delimited block . 4", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 144, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 20, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436547/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436856, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=605795723c285bad", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436856/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:19.571744Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ " boot2.ldr:\n\t${DD} if=/dev/zero of=${.TARGET} bs=512 count=1\n" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ " boot2.ldr:\n\t${DD} if=/dev/zero of=${.TARGET} bs=512 count=1\n" ], "id_hash": 7296190777348969641, "content_hash": 7296190777348969641, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:812", "context": "", "note": "type: delimited block . 4", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 145, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 6, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436549/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436857, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=e54146dae95dd4a9", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436857/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:19.577760Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ " boot2.bin: boot2.out\n\t${OBJCOPY} -S -O binary boot2.out ${.TARGET}\n" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ " boot2.bin: boot2.out\n\t${OBJCOPY} -S -O binary boot2.out ${.TARGET}\n" ], "id_hash": -2069264386640733563, "content_hash": -2069264386640733563, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:815", "context": "", "note": "type: delimited block . 4", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 146, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 8, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436551/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436858, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=63487f00f7e99a85", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436858/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:19.660363Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ " boot2.out: ${BTXCRT} boot2.o sio.o ashldi3.o\n\t${LD} ${LD_FLAGS} --defsym ORG=${ORG2} -T ${LDSCRIPT} -o ${.TARGET} ${.ALLSRC}\n" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ " boot2.out: ${BTXCRT} boot2.o sio.o ashldi3.o\n\t${LD} ${LD_FLAGS} --defsym ORG=${ORG2} -T ${LDSCRIPT} -o ${.TARGET} ${.ALLSRC}\n" ], "id_hash": 4161564845431391143, "content_hash": 4161564845431391143, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:818", "context": "", "note": "type: delimited block . 4", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 147, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 14, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436553/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436859, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=b9c0d92d91b103a7", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436859/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:19.665633Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "[.filename]#stand/i386/boot2/Makefile# [[boot-boot1-make-boot2]]" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "[.filename]#stand/i386/boot2/Makefile# [[boot-boot1-make-boot2]]" ], "id_hash": 1377249562745952991, "content_hash": 1377249562745952991, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:827", "context": "", "note": "type: Block title", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 149, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 2, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436555/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436860, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=931cf92e2a88dadf", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436860/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:19.751939Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "The mechanism for building [.filename]#boot2# is far more elaborate. Let us point out the most relevant facts. The dependency list is as follows:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "El mecanismo de construcción [.filename]#boot2# es mucho más elaborado. Señalemos los hechos más relevantes. La lista de dependencias es la siguiente:" ], "id_hash": 2907433623225116402, "content_hash": 2907433623225116402, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:831", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 150, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 23, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436557/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436861, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=a8594779e05c26f2", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436861/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:19.756878Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ " boot2: boot2.ld\n boot2.ld: boot2.ldr boot2.bin ${BTXDIR}\n boot2.bin: boot2.out\n boot2.out: ${BTXDIR} boot2.o sio.o ashldi3.o\n boot2.h: boot1.out\n" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ " boot2: boot2.ld\n boot2.ld: boot2.ldr boot2.bin ${BTXDIR}\n boot2.bin: boot2.out\n boot2.out: ${BTXDIR} boot2.o sio.o ashldi3.o\n boot2.h: boot1.out\n" ], "id_hash": 6127018008328205948, "content_hash": 6127018008328205948, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:839", "context": "", "note": "type: delimited block . 4", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 151, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 15, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436559/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436862, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=d5078a6a8ed2f67c", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436862/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:19.771905Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "[.filename]#stand/i386/boot2/Makefile# [[boot-boot1-make-boot2-more]]" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "[.filename]#stand/i386/boot2/Makefile# [[boot-boot1-make-boot2-more]]" ], "id_hash": -5411787696251654737, "content_hash": -5411787696251654737, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:841", "context": "", "note": "type: Block title", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 152, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 2, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436561/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436863, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=34e577c35d172daf", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436863/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:19.853437Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "Note that initially there is no header file [.filename]#boot2.h#, but its creation depends on [.filename]#boot1.out#, which we already have. The rule for its creation is a bit terse, but the important thing is that the output, [.filename]#boot2.h#, is something like this:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Ten en cuenta que inicialmente no hay un archivo de encabezado [.filename]#boot2.h#, pero su creación depende de [.filename]#boot1.out#, que ya tenemos. La regla para su creación es un poco concisa, pero lo importante es que la salida, [.filename]#boot2.h#, es algo como esto:" ], "id_hash": -8083181094166401972, "content_hash": -8083181094166401972, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:844", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 153, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 41, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436563/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436864, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=0fd2c59f130eec4c", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436864/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:19.857069Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "[.filename]#stand/i386/boot2/boot2.h# [[boot-boot1-make-boot2h]]" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "[.filename]#stand/i386/boot2/boot2.h# [[boot-boot1-make-boot2h]]" ], "id_hash": 6481360224549420923, "content_hash": 6481360224549420923, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:850", "context": "", "note": "type: Block title", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 155, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 2, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436565/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436865, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=d9f26ac8d59d3f7b", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436865/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:19.865895Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "Recall that [.filename]#boot1# was relocated (i.e., copied from `0x7c00` to `0x700`). This relocation will now make sense, because as we will see, the BTX server reclaims some memory, including the space where [.filename]#boot1# was originally loaded. However, the BTX server needs access to [.filename]#boot1#'s `xread` function; this function, according to the output of [.filename]#boot2.h#, is at location `0x725`. Indeed, the BTX server uses the `xread` function from [.filename]#boot1#'s relocated code. This function is now accessible from within the [.filename]#boot2# client." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Recuerda que [.filename]#boot1# se ha recolocado (es decir, copiado de `0x7c00` a `0x700`). Esta recolocación cobrará ahora sentido, porque como veremos, el servidor BTX reclama alguna memoria, incluyendo el espacio donde se cargó [.filename]#boot1# originalmente. Sin embargo, el servidor BTX necesita acceso a la función `xread` de [.filename]#boot1#; esta función, según la salida de [.filename]#boot2.h#, está en la dirección `0x725`. De hecho, el servidor BTX utiliza la función `xread` del código relocalizado de [.filename]#boot1#. Esta función está ahora accesible desde el cliente [.filename]#boot2#." ], "id_hash": -4109786936013546968, "content_hash": -4109786936013546968, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:856", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 156, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 80, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436567/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436866, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=46f71a8e685f1a28", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436866/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:19.871182Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "The next rule directs the linker to link various files ([.filename]#ashldi3.o#, [.filename]#boot2.o# and [.filename]#sio.o#). Note that the output file, [.filename]#boot2.out#, is linked to execute at address `0x2000` (${ORG2}). Recall that [.filename]#boot2# will be executed in user mode, within a special user segment set up by the BTX server. This segment starts at `0xa000`. Also, remember that the [.filename]#boot2# portion of [.filename]#boot# was copied to address `0xc000`, that is, offset `0x2000` from the start of the user segment, so [.filename]#boot2# will work properly when we transfer control to it. Next, [.filename]#boot2.bin# is created from [.filename]#boot2.out# by stripping its symbols and format information; boot2.bin is a _raw_ binary. Now, note that a file [.filename]#boot2.ldr# is created as a 512-byte file full of zeros. This space is reserved for the bsdlabel." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "La siguiente regla dirige al enlazador para que enlace varios ficheros ([.filename]#ashldi3.o#, [.filename]#boot2.o# y [.filename]#sio.o#). Date cuenta de que el fichero de salida [.filename]#boot2.out#, está enlazado para ejecutarse en la dirección `0x2000` (${ORG2}). Recuerda que [.filename]#boot2# se ejecutará en modo usuario, con un segmento de usuario especial configurado por el servidor BTX. Este segmento comienza en `0xa000`. Recuerda también que la porción [.filename]#boot2# de [.filename]#boot# se copió a la dirección `0xc000`, es decir, desplazamiento `0x2000` a partir del comienzo del segmento de usuario, de forma que [.filename]#boot2# funcionará adecuadamente cuando se le transfiera el control. Posteriormente, se crea [.filename]#boot2.bin# a partir de [.filename]#boot2.out# al que se le eliminan la información de símbolos y de formato; boot2.bin es un binario _en crudo_. Ahora fíjate en que el fichero [.filename]#boot2.ldr# se crea como un fichero de 512 bytes relleno completamente de ceros. Este espacio se reserva para el bsdlabel." ], "id_hash": -1142263363582956249, "content_hash": -1142263363582956249, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:865", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 157, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 128, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436569/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436867, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=7025dd85d5b1ed27", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436867/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:19.960493Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "Now that we have files [.filename]#boot1#, [.filename]#boot2.bin# and [.filename]#boot2.ldr#, only the BTX server is missing before creating the all-in-one [.filename]#boot# file. The BTX server is located in [.filename]#stand/i386/btx/btx#; it has its own [.filename]#Makefile# with its own set of rules for building. The important thing to notice is that it is also compiled as a _raw_ binary, and that it is linked to execute at address `0x9000`. The details can be found in [.filename]#stand/i386/btx/btx/Makefile#." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Ahora que tenemos los ficheros [.filename]#boot1#, [.filename]#boot2.bin# y [.filename]#boot2.ldr#, sólo falta el servidor BTX antes de crear el fichero todo en uno [.filename]#boot#. El servidor BTX se encuentra en [.filename]#stand/i386/btx/btx#; tiene su propio [.filename]#Makefile# con su propio conjunto de reglas para realizar la construcción. Lo importante es fijarse en que también se compila como un binario _en crudo_, y que se enlaza para ejecutarse en la dirección `0x9000`. Los detalles se pueden encontrar en [.filename]#stand/i386/btx/btx/Makefile#." ], "id_hash": -1125302410182523761, "content_hash": -1125302410182523761, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:870", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 158, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 73, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436571/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436868, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=70621f6b882e048f", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436868/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:19.966797Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "Having the files that comprise the [.filename]#boot# program, the final step is to _merge_ them. This is done by a special program called [.filename]#btxld# (source located in [.filename]#/usr/src/usr.sbin/btxld#). Some arguments to this program include the name of the output file ([.filename]#boot#), its entry point (`0x2000`) and its file format (raw binary). The various files are finally merged by this utility into the file [.filename]#boot#, which consists of [.filename]#boot1#, [.filename]#boot2#, the `bsdlabel` and the BTX server. This file, which takes exactly 16 sectors, or 8192 bytes, is what is actually written to the beginning of the FreeBSD slice during installation. Let us now proceed to study the BTX server program." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Una vez que se tienen los ficheros que forman el programa [.filename]#boot#, el paso final es _juntarlos_. Esto se hace con un programa especial llamado [.filename]#btxld# (las fuentes se encuentran en [.filename]#/usr/src/usr.sbin/btxld#). Algunos argumentos que se pueden aplicar a este programa incluyen el nombre del fichero de salida ([.filename]#boot#), su punto de entrada (`0x2000`) y su formato binario (binario en crudo). Los diferentes ficheros se mezclan con esta utilidad en el fichero final [.filename]#boot# que consiste en [.filename]#boot1#, [.filename]#boot2#, el `bsdlabel` y el servidor BTX. Este fichero, que ocupa exactamente 16 sectores, o 8192 bytes, es lo que se escribe en realidad el comienzo de la sección FreeBSD durante la instalación. Procedamos ahora a estudiar el programa servidor BTX." ], "id_hash": 5459013127064563001, "content_hash": 5459013127064563001, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:877", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 159, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 109, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436573/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436869, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=cbc24f8416e0ad39", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436869/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:19.972178Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "The BTX server prepares a simple environment and switches from 16-bit real mode to 32-bit protected mode, right before passing control to the client. This includes initializing and updating the following data structures:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "El servidor BTX prepara un entorno simple y cambia del modo real de 16 bits al modo protegido de 32 bits, justo antes de pasar el control al cliente. Esto incluye inicializar y actualizar las siguientes estructuras de datos:" ], "id_hash": 5260842659562456866, "content_hash": 5260842659562456866, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:880", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 160, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 33, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436575/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436870, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=c902448696710722", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436870/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:20.051447Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "Modifies the `Interrupt Vector Table (IVT)`. The IVT provides exception and interrupt handlers for Real-Mode code." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Modifica la `Tabla de Vectores de Interrupción (IVT)`. La IVT proporciona manejadores de interrupción y excepción para código en Modo Real." ], "id_hash": 8421621604464954732, "content_hash": 8421621604464954732, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:883", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 161, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 16, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436577/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436871, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=f4df9c3ac6e38d6c", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436871/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:20.062669Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?format=api", "source": [ "The `Interrupt Descriptor Table (IDT)` is created. Entries are provided for processor exceptions, hardware interrupts, two system calls and V86 interface. The IDT provides exception and interrupt handlers for Protected-Mode code." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Se crea la `Tabla de descriptores de interrupciones (IDT)`. Se proporcionan entradas para excepciones de procesador, interrupciones de hardware, dos llamadas al sistema e interfaz V86. El IDT proporciona manejadores de excepciones e interrupciones para el código en Modo Protegido." ], "id_hash": 1716046534248688788, "content_hash": 1716046534248688788, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:886", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 162, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 31, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436579/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1436872, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/booksarch-handbookboot_index/es/?checksum=97d09f3b1beeec94", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1436872/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-07-08T02:59:20.154481Z" } ] }