Units
Translation components API.
See the Weblate's Web API documentation for detailed description of the API.
GET /api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/units/?format=api&page=6
{ "count": 302, "next": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/units/?format=api&page=7", "previous": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/units/?format=api&page=5", "results": [ { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "It is the duty of the system administrator to carefully select the correct security policy modules. For an environment that needs to limit access control over the network, the man:mac_portacl[4], man:mac_ifoff[4], and man:mac_biba[4] policy modules make good starting points. For an environment where strict confidentiality of file system objects is required, consider the man:mac_bsdextended[4] and man:mac_mls[4] policy modules." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 9004375605756115487, "content_hash": 9004375605756115487, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:328", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 90, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 58, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215250/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215707, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=fcf5f7e7fd493a1f", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215707/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:24.357715Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "Policy decisions could be made based on network configuration. If only certain users should be permitted access to man:ssh[1], the man:mac_portacl[4] policy module is a good choice. In the case of file systems, access to objects might be considered confidential to some users, but not to others. As an example, a large development team might be broken off into smaller projects where developers in project A might not be permitted to access objects written by developers in project B. Yet both projects might need to access objects created by developers in project C. Using the different security policy modules provided by the MAC framework, users could be divided into these groups and then given access to the appropriate objects." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 2833763776042305977, "content_hash": 2833763776042305977, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:335", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 91, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 119, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215252/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215708, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=a7538d23f05f09b9", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215708/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:24.374140Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "Each security policy module has a unique way of dealing with the overall security of a system. Module selection should be based on a well thought out security policy which may require revision and reimplementation. Understanding the different security policy modules offered by the MAC framework will help administrators choose the best policies for their situations." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -450740667837600205, "content_hash": -450740667837600205, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:339", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 92, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 56, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215254/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215709, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=79bea5c02fb7ae33", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215709/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:24.465867Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "Implementing MAC is much like implementing a firewall since care must be taken to prevent being completely locked out of the system. The ability to revert back to a previous configuration should be considered and the implementation of MAC over a remote connection should be done with extreme caution." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 2377800951048571377, "content_hash": 2377800951048571377, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:346", "context": "", "note": "type: delimited block = 4", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 94, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 49, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215256/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215710, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=a0ffa55de9d609f1", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215710/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:24.570569Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "The default FreeBSD kernel includes `options MAC`. This means that every module included with the MAC framework can be loaded with `kldload` as a run-time kernel module. After testing the module, add the module name to [.filename]#/boot/loader.conf# so that it will load during boot. Each module also provides a kernel option for those administrators who choose to compile their own custom kernel." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -3530255074327607549, "content_hash": -3530255074327607549, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:355", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 96, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 62, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215258/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215711, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=4f0203b6c82ec703", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215711/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:24.665637Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "FreeBSD includes a group of policies that will cover most security requirements. Each policy is summarized below. The last three policies support integer settings in place of the three default labels." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -404568042300938664, "content_hash": -404568042300938664, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:358", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 97, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 31, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215260/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215712, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=7a62af824f2d6658", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215712/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:24.747926Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "The man:mac_seeotheruids[4] module extends the `security.bsd.see_other_uids` and `security.bsd.see_other_gids sysctl` tunables. This option does not require any labels to be set before configuration and can operate transparently with other modules." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -4775324744936744007, "content_hash": -4775324744936744007, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:370", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 102, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 29, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215262/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215713, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=3dbaa371fae99bb9", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215713/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:24.847768Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "The man:mac_bsdextended[4] module enforces a file system firewall. It provides an extension to the standard file system permissions model, permitting an administrator to create a firewall-like ruleset to protect files, utilities, and directories in the file system hierarchy. When access to a file system object is attempted, the list of rules is iterated until either a matching rule is located or the end is reached. This behavior may be changed using `security.mac.bsdextended.firstmatch_enabled`. Similar to other firewall modules in FreeBSD, a file containing the access control rules can be created and read by the system at boot time using an man:rc.conf[5] variable." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 1647229559711456107, "content_hash": 1647229559711456107, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:391", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 111, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 101, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215264/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215714, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=96dc228ea21fdb6b", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215714/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:25.065074Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "The rule list may be entered using man:ugidfw[8] which has a syntax similar to man:ipfw[8]. More tools can be written by using the functions in the man:libugidfw[3] library." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -6600401583653172207, "content_hash": -6600401583653172207, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:394", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 112, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 28, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215266/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215715, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=2466a9bae76d4c11", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215715/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:25.081344Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "By default, no rules are defined and everything is completely accessible. To create a rule which blocks all access by users but leaves `root` unaffected:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 6068894151971986754, "content_hash": 6068894151971986754, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:405", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 115, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 25, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215268/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215716, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=d4390b13abbc5d42", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215716/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:25.163543Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "While this rule is simple to implement, it is a very bad idea as it blocks all users from issuing any commands. A more realistic example blocks `user1` all access, including directory listings, to ``_user2_``'s home directory:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -1695100500554102908, "content_hash": -1695100500554102908, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:413", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 117, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 37, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215270/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215717, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=6879cb1365e2c784", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215717/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:25.176966Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "Instead of `user1`, `not uid _user2_` could be used in order to enforce the same access restrictions for all users. However, the `root` user is unaffected by these rules." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -5525310606194521070, "content_hash": -5525310606194521070, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:422", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 119, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 29, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215272/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215718, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=335227472c13cc12", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215718/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:25.262688Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "The man:mac_ifoff[4] module is used to disable network interfaces on the fly and to keep network interfaces from being brought up during system boot. It does not use labels and does not depend on any other MAC modules." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -345994117795336172, "content_hash": -345994117795336172, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:439", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 125, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 38, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215274/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215719, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=7b32c82eda6f3014", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215719/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:25.361460Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "One of the most common uses of man:mac_ifoff[4] is network monitoring in an environment where network traffic should not be permitted during the boot sequence. Another use would be to write a script which uses an application such as package:security/aide[] to automatically block network traffic if it finds new or altered files in protected directories." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 5003320412945267009, "content_hash": 5003320412945267009, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:448", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 130, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 55, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215276/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215720, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=c56f5d6827103941", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215720/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:25.457200Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "Once loaded, this module enables the MAC policy on all sockets. The following tunables are available:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -4501511052612152528, "content_hash": -4501511052612152528, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:462", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 136, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 16, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215278/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215721, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=41876b8c348ed330", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215721/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:25.547210Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "By default, ports below 1024 can only be used by privileged processes which run as `root`. For man:mac_portacl[4] to allow non-privileged processes to bind to ports below 1024, set the following tunables as follows:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -4290623148105890988, "content_hash": -4290623148105890988, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:470", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 141, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 34, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215280/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215722, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=4474a4fac0148354", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215722/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:25.578241Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "The man:mac_partition[4] policy drops processes into specific \"partitions\" based on their MAC label. Most configuration for this policy is done using man:setpmac[8]. One `sysctl` tunable is available for this policy:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 7180645968066908498, "content_hash": 7180645968066908498, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:511", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 153, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 30, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215282/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215723, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=e3a6c77698781152", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215723/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:25.851372Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "When this policy is enabled, users will only be permitted to see their processes, and any others within their partition, but will not be permitted to work with utilities outside the scope of this partition. For instance, a user in the `insecure` class will not be permitted to access `top` as well as many other commands that must spawn a process." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 2644993315749506984, "content_hash": 2644993315749506984, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:516", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 155, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 61, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215284/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215724, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=a4b4e7682a882fa8", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215724/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:25.871837Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "This example adds `top` to the label set on users in the `insecure` class. All processes spawned by users in the `insecure` class will stay in the `partition/13` label." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -3494646870635571995, "content_hash": -3494646870635571995, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:519", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 156, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 29, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215286/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215725, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=4f80852fc45614e5", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215725/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:25.884135Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "In MLS environments, a \"clearance\" level is set in the label of each subject or object, along with compartments. Since these clearance levels can reach numbers greater than several thousand, it would be a daunting task to thoroughly configure every subject or object. To ease this administrative overhead, three labels are included in this policy: `mls/low`, `mls/equal`, and `mls/high`, where:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 847707205260131369, "content_hash": 847707205260131369, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:558", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 168, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 60, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215288/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215726, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=8bc3a9363b11bc29", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215726/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:26.083529Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "When using the MLS policy module, an administrator plans to control the flow of sensitive information. The default `block read up block write down` sets everything to a low state. Everything is accessible and an administrator slowly augments the confidentiality of the information." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -4779558934704902160, "content_hash": -4779558934704902160, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:596", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 187, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 43, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215290/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215727, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=3dab9878d9deaff0", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215727/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:26.368434Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "Beyond the three basic label options, an administrator may group users and groups as required to block the information flow between them. It might be easier to look at the information in clearance levels using descriptive words, such as classifications of `Confidential`, `Secret`, and `Top Secret`. Some administrators instead create different groups based on project levels. Regardless of the classification method, a well thought out plan must exist before implementing a restrictive policy." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -2421602718300771822, "content_hash": -2421602718300771822, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:601", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 188, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 73, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215292/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215728, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=5e64bd286c8fea12", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215728/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:26.379665Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "The man:mac_biba[4] module loads the MAC Biba policy. This policy is similar to the MLS policy with the exception that the rules for information flow are slightly reversed. This is to prevent the downward flow of sensitive information whereas the MLS policy prevents the upward flow of sensitive information." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -7464348478281328839, "content_hash": -7464348478281328839, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:616", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 194, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 49, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215294/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215729, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=18694e9b58505739", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215729/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:26.493589Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "In Biba environments, an \"integrity\" label is set on each subject or object. These labels are made up of hierarchical grades and non-hierarchical components. As a grade ascends, so does its integrity." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -7074711301630456892, "content_hash": -7074711301630456892, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:620", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 195, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 32, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215296/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215730, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=1dd1938df9e00bc4", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215730/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:26.562823Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "Integrity, which is different from sensitivity, is used to guarantee that information is not manipulated by untrusted parties. This includes information passed between subjects and objects. It ensures that users will only be able to modify or access information they have been given explicit access to. The man:mac_biba[4] security policy module permits an administrator to configure which files and programs a user may see and invoke while assuring that the programs and files are trusted by the system for that user." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 1231537541600807492, "content_hash": 1231537541600807492, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:653", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 211, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 81, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215298/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215731, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=91174cde7eac8a44", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215731/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:26.787988Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "During the initial planning phase, an administrator must be prepared to partition users into grades, levels, and areas. The system will default to a high label once this policy module is enabled, and it is up to the administrator to configure the different grades and levels for users. Instead of using clearance levels, a good planning method could include topics. For instance, only allow developers modification access to the source code repository, source code compiler, and other development utilities. Other users would be grouped into other categories such as testers, designers, or end users and would only be permitted read access." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 6420442626031011187, "content_hash": 6420442626031011187, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:659", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 212, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 101, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215300/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215732, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=d919fe8d295ac573", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215732/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:26.857790Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "A lower integrity subject is unable to write to a higher integrity subject and a higher integrity subject cannot list or read a lower integrity object. Setting a label at the lowest possible grade could make it inaccessible to subjects. Some prospective environments for this security policy module would include a constrained web server, a development and test machine, and a source code repository. A less useful implementation would be a personal workstation, a machine used as a router, or a network firewall." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -6981984308695640875, "content_hash": -6981984308695640875, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:664", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 213, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 83, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215302/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215733, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=1f1b02436cd854d5", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215733/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:26.866395Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "The Low-watermark integrity policy works almost identically to Biba, with the exception of using floating labels to support subject demotion via an auxiliary grade compartment. This secondary compartment takes the form `[auxgrade]`. When assigning a policy with an auxiliary grade, use the syntax `lomac/10[2]`, where `2` is the auxiliary grade." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -829890257272900739, "content_hash": -829890257272900739, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:679", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 219, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 50, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215304/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215734, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=747ba3353cb0f37d", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215734/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:26.965061Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "This policy relies on the ubiquitous labeling of all system objects with integrity labels, permitting subjects to read from low integrity objects and then downgrading the label on the subject to prevent future writes to high integrity objects using `[auxgrade]`. The policy may provide greater compatibility and require less initial configuration than Biba." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -6120586533802329173, "content_hash": -6120586533802329173, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:682", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 220, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 53, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215306/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215735, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=2b0f4ef9cbac3bab", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215735/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:26.971810Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "This example considers a relatively small storage system with fewer than fifty users. Users will have login capabilities and are permitted to store data and access resources." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -7859679762469311378, "content_hash": -7859679762469311378, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:698", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 225, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 27, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215308/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215736, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=12eccee5fdb0ac6e", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215736/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:27.064793Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "Default rules stored in [.filename]#/etc/rc.bsdextended# will be loaded at system initialization. However, the default entries may need modification. Since this machine is expected only to service users, everything may be left commented out except the last two lines in order to force the loading of user owned system objects by default." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -8258394748672055792, "content_hash": -8258394748672055792, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:718", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 231, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 51, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215310/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215737, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=0d6449bb1e736610", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215737/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:27.166350Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "Add the required users to this machine and reboot. For testing purposes, try logging in as a different user across two consoles. Run `ps aux` to see if processes of other users are visible. Verify that running man:ls[1] on another user's home directory fails." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -6589634981570205666, "content_hash": -6589634981570205666, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:723", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 232, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 44, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215312/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215738, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=248ce9e5cc05281e", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215738/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:27.173555Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "When a new user is added, their man:mac_bsdextended[4] rule will not be in the ruleset list. To update the ruleset quickly, unload the security policy module and reload it again using man:kldunload[8] and man:kldload[8]." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -1689224728854045174, "content_hash": -1689224728854045174, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:730", "context": "", "note": "type: delimited block = 4", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 234, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 34, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215314/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215739, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=688eab0f1ad95e0a", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215739/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:27.184280Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "This section demonstrates the steps that are needed to implement the Nagios network monitoring system in a MAC environment. This is meant as an example which still requires the administrator to test that the implemented policy meets the security requirements of the network before using in a production environment." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -8925397268553355124, "content_hash": -8925397268553355124, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:737", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 236, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 49, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215316/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215740, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=04229e7918a2b08c", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215740/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:27.256535Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "This example requires `multilabel` to be set on each file system. It also assumes that package:net-mgmt/nagios-plugins[], package:net-mgmt/nagios[], and package:www/apache22[] are all installed, configured, and working correctly before attempting the integration into the MAC framework." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 3011157707107048953, "content_hash": 3011157707107048953, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:740", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 237, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 34, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215318/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215741, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=a9c9c7fb16cb9df9", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215741/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:27.264223Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "All user accounts that are not `root` will now require a login class. The login class is required, otherwise users will be refused access to common commands. The following `sh` script should do the trick:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 102994675711316551, "content_hash": 102994675711316551, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:798", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 248, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 35, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215320/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215742, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=816de91ca3879247", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215742/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:27.463138Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "This policy enforces security by setting restrictions on the flow of information. In this specific configuration, users, including `root`, should never be allowed to access Nagios. Configuration files and processes that are a part of Nagios will be completely self contained or jailed." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 8779970603879247372, "content_hash": 8779970603879247372, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:849", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 264, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 43, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215322/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215743, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=f9d8b8bef6982e0c", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215743/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:27.679858Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "This file will be read after running `setfsmac` on every file system. This example sets the policy on the root file system:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 8242585852478945625, "content_hash": 8242585852478945625, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:852", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 265, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 22, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215324/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215744, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=f2638c2967aaf959", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215744/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:27.760574Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "And the following line to the network card configuration stored in [.filename]#/etc/rc.conf#. If the primary network configuration is done via DHCP, this may need to be configured manually after every system boot:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -8339341316488338414, "content_hash": -8339341316488338414, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:881", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 272, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 32, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215326/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215745, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=0c44b541a1f96412", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215745/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:27.864031Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "First, ensure that the web server and Nagios will not be started on system initialization and reboot. Ensure that `root` cannot access any of the files in the Nagios configuration directory. If `root` can list the contents of [.filename]#/var/spool/nagios#, something is wrong. Instead, a \"permission denied\" error should be returned." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -4787995559987547454, "content_hash": -4787995559987547454, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:893", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 275, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 50, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215328/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215746, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=3d8d9f67f4cb72c2", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215746/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:27.879659Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "Double check to ensure that everything is working properly. If not, check the log files for error messages. If needed, use man:sysctl[8] to disable the man:mac_biba[4] security policy module and try starting everything again as usual." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 6903140071891101134, "content_hash": 6903140071891101134, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:906", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 278, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 36, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215330/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215747, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=dfcce1522bd565ce", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215747/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:27.948465Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "The `root` user can still change the security enforcement and edit its configuration files. The following command will permit the degradation of the security policy to a lower grade for a newly spawned shell:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -185710251065563169, "content_hash": -185710251065563169, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:911", "context": "", "note": "type: delimited block = 4", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 279, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 34, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215332/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215748, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=7d6c3982b616a7df", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215748/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:27.963208Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "To block this from happening, force the user into a range using man:login.conf[5]. If man:setpmac[8] attempts to run a command outside of the compartment's range, an error will be returned and the command will not be executed. In this case, set root to `biba/high(high-high)`." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -7200439517808049925, "content_hash": -7200439517808049925, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:920", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 281, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 44, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215334/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215749, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=1c12e6687a5dc0fb", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215749/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:27.974877Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "This could be caused by the MAC `partition` policy or by a mislabeling in one of the MAC labeling policies. To debug, try the following:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 8707771839887874218, "content_hash": 8707771839887874218, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:943", "context": "", "note": "type: delimited block = 4", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 293, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 25, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215336/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215750, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=f8d8385a45aa98aa", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215750/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:28.161278Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "This error can appear when a user attempts to switch from the `root` user to another user in the system. This message usually occurs when the user has a higher label setting than that of the user they are attempting to become. For instance, if `joe` has a default label of `biba/low` and `root` has a label of `biba/high`, `root` cannot view ``joe``'s home directory. This will happen whether or not `root` has used `su` to become `joe` as the Biba integrity model will not permit `root` to view objects set at a lower integrity level." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -1207469134142554638, "content_hash": -1207469134142554638, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:956", "context": "", "note": "type: delimited block = 4", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 298, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 96, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215338/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215751, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=6f3e35384e2f3df2", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215751/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:28.253206Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "This can happen if a labeling policy has been disabled by man:sysctl[8] or the policy module was unloaded. If the policy is disabled, the login capabilities database needs to be reconfigured. Double check [.filename]#/etc/login.conf# to ensure that all `label` options have been removed and rebuild the database with `cap_mkdb`." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -5682101553898921103, "content_hash": -5682101553898921103, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:963", "context": "", "note": "type: delimited block = 4", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 301, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 49, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215340/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215752, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=31251ebde628e371", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215752/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:28.269034Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "This may also happen if a policy restricts access to [.filename]#master.passwd#. This is usually caused by an administrator altering the file under a label which conflicts with the general policy being used by the system. In these cases, the user information would be read by the system and access would be blocked as the file has inherited the new label. Disable the policy using man:sysctl[8] and everything should return to normal." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 7864047789599044431, "content_hash": 7864047789599044431, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:967", "context": "", "note": "type: delimited block = 4", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 302, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 71, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215342/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1215753, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=ed22b5cc93bf334f", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1215753/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-06-08T13:02:28.276143Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "The `multilabel` flag does not stay enabled on the root ([.filename]#/#) partition" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -7889608133674093944, "content_hash": -7889608133674093944, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:927", "context": "", "note": "type: Labeled list", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 284, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 12, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1256354/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1256383, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=12827b340f52b288", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1256383/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-11-05T04:42:26.134473Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "After establishing a secure environment with MAC, Xorg no longer starts" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -1990961536159939891, "content_hash": -1990961536159939891, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:940", "context": "", "note": "type: Labeled list", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 292, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 11, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1256356/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1256384, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=645eaf080bb882cd", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1256384/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-11-05T04:42:26.206845Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?format=api", "source": [ "The `_secure_path: unable to stat .login_conf` error appears" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 2655528039286582417, "content_hash": 2655528039286582417, "location": "documentation/content/en/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc:951", "context": "", "note": "type: Labeled list", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 297, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 8, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1256358/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 1256385, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/bookshandbookmac_index/nb_NO/?checksum=a4da54aea0c42c91", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/1256385/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-11-05T04:42:26.221082Z" } ] }