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Writing a GEOM Class

<email>ivoras@FreeBSD.org</email>
<personname> <firstname>Ivan</firstname> <surname>Voras</surname> </personname> <affiliation> <_:address-1/> </affiliation>
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Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this document, and the FreeBSD Project was aware of the trademark claim, the designations have been followed by the <quote>™</quote> or the <quote>®</quote> symbol.
$FreeBSD: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/geom-class/article.xml 54291 2020-06-23 13:48:26Z emaste $
This text documents some starting points in developing GEOM classes, and kernel modules in general. It is assumed that the reader is familiar with C userland programming.
Introduction
Documentation
Documentation on kernel programming is scarce — it is one of few areas where there is nearly nothing in the way of friendly tutorials, and the phrase <quote>use the source!</quote> really holds true. However, there are some bits and pieces (some of them seriously outdated) floating around that should be studied before beginning to code:
The <link xlink:href="@@URL_RELPREFIX@@/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/developers-handbook/index.html">FreeBSD Developer's Handbook</link> — part of the documentation project, it does not contain anything specific to kernel programming, but rather some general useful information.
The <link xlink:href="@@URL_RELPREFIX@@/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/arch-handbook/index.html">FreeBSD Architecture Handbook</link> — also from the documentation project, contains descriptions of several low-level facilities and procedures. The most important chapter is 13, <link xlink:href="@@URL_RELPREFIX@@/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/arch-handbook/driverbasics.html">Writing FreeBSD device drivers</link>.
The Blueprints section of <link xlink:href="http://www.freebsddiary.org">FreeBSD Diary</link> web site — contains several interesting articles on kernel facilities.
The man pages in section 9 — for important documentation on kernel functions.
The <citerefentry><refentrytitle>geom</refentrytitle><manvolnum>4</manvolnum></citerefentry> man page and <link xlink:href="http://phk.freebsd.dk/pubs/">PHK's GEOM slides</link> — for general introduction of the GEOM subsystem.
Man pages <citerefentry><refentrytitle>g_bio</refentrytitle><manvolnum>9</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>g_event</refentrytitle><manvolnum>9</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>g_data</refentrytitle><manvolnum>9</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>g_geom</refentrytitle><manvolnum>9</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>g_provider</refentrytitle><manvolnum>9</manvolnum></citerefentry> <citerefentry><refentrytitle>g_consumer</refentrytitle><manvolnum>9</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>g_access</refentrytitle><manvolnum>9</manvolnum></citerefentry> &amp; others linked from those, for documentation on specific functionalities.
The <citerefentry><refentrytitle>style</refentrytitle><manvolnum>9</manvolnum></citerefentry> man page — for documentation on the coding-style conventions which must be followed for any code which is to be committed to the FreeBSD tree.
Preliminaries
The best way to do kernel development is to have (at least) two separate computers. One of these would contain the development environment and sources, and the other would be used to test the newly written code by network-booting and network-mounting filesystems from the first one. This way if the new code contains bugs and crashes the machine, it will not mess up the sources (and other <quote>live</quote> data). The second system does not even require a proper display. Instead, it could be connected with a serial cable or KVM to the first one.
Component Translation Difference to current string
This translation Translated FreeBSD Doc/articles_geom-class
The following strings have the same context and source.
Translated FreeBSD Doc/articles_explaining-bsd
Translated FreeBSD Doc/articles_committers-guide
Translated FreeBSD Doc/articles_linux-users
Translated FreeBSD Doc/articles_freebsd-releng
Translated FreeBSD Doc/articles_filtering-bridge
Translated FreeBSD Doc/articles_problem-reports
Translated FreeBSD Doc/articles_freebsd-update-server
Translated FreeBSD Doc/articles_releng
Translated FreeBSD Doc/books_faq
Translated FreeBSD Doc/books_developers-handbook
Translated FreeBSD Doc/books_handbook
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(itstool) path: legalnotice/para
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articles/geom-class.pot, string 6