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The conversation function presented below is a greatly simplified version of OpenPAM's <citerefentry><refentrytitle>openpam_ttyconv</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>. It is fully functional, and should give the reader a good idea of how a conversation function should behave, but it is far too simple for real-world use. Even if you are not using OpenPAM, feel free to download the source code and adapt <citerefentry><refentrytitle>openpam_ttyconv</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> to your uses; we believe it to be as robust as a tty-oriented conversation function can reasonably get.

A função de conversação apresentada abaixo é uma versão bastante simplificada do <citerefentry><refentrytitle>openpam_ttyconv</refentrytitle><manvolnum></manvolnum></citerefentry> do OpenPAM. Ele é totalmente funcional e deve dar ao leitor uma boa ideia de como uma função de conversa deve se comportar, mas é simples demais para uso no mundo real. Mesmo se você não estiver usando o OpenPAM, sinta-se à vontade para baixar o código-fonte e adaptar <citerefentry><refentrytitle>openpam_ttyconv</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> aos seus usos; acreditamos que seja tão robusto quanto uma função de conversa orientada para tty pode razoavelmente ser.

/*-
* Copyright (c) 2002 Networks Associates Technology, Inc.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This software was developed for the FreeBSD Project by ThinkSec AS and
* Network Associates Laboratories, the Security Research Division of
* Network Associates, Inc. under DARPA/SPAWAR contract N66001-01-C-8035
* ("CBOSS"), as part of the DARPA CHATS research program.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote
* products derived from this software without specific prior written
* permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*
* $FreeBSD: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/pam/converse.c 38826 2012-05-17 19:12:14Z hrs $
*/

#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;
#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;
#include &lt;string.h&gt;
#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;

#include &lt;security/pam_appl.h&gt;

int
converse(int n, const struct pam_message **msg,
struct pam_response **resp, void *data)
{
struct pam_response *aresp;
char buf[PAM_MAX_RESP_SIZE];
int i;

data = data;
if (n &lt;= 0 || n &gt; PAM_MAX_NUM_MSG)
return (PAM_CONV_ERR);
if ((aresp = calloc(n, sizeof *aresp)) == NULL)
return (PAM_BUF_ERR);
for (i = 0; i &lt; n; ++i) {
aresp[i].resp_retcode = 0;
aresp[i].resp = NULL;
switch (msg[i]-&gt;msg_style) {
case PAM_PROMPT_ECHO_OFF:
aresp[i].resp = strdup(getpass(msg[i]-&gt;msg));
if (aresp[i].resp == NULL)
goto fail;
break;
case PAM_PROMPT_ECHO_ON:
fputs(msg[i]-&gt;msg, stderr);
if (fgets(buf, sizeof buf, stdin) == NULL)
goto fail;
aresp[i].resp = strdup(buf);
if (aresp[i].resp == NULL)
goto fail;
break;
case PAM_ERROR_MSG:
fputs(msg[i]-&gt;msg, stderr);
if (strlen(msg[i]-&gt;msg) &gt; 0 &amp;&amp;
msg[i]-&gt;msg[strlen(msg[i]-&gt;msg) - 1] != '\n')
fputc('\n', stderr);
break;
case PAM_TEXT_INFO:
fputs(msg[i]-&gt;msg, stdout);
if (strlen(msg[i]-&gt;msg) &gt; 0 &amp;&amp;
msg[i]-&gt;msg[strlen(msg[i]-&gt;msg) - 1] != '\n')
fputc('\n', stdout);
break;
default:
goto fail;
}
}
*resp = aresp;
return (PAM_SUCCESS);
fail:
for (i = 0; i &lt; n; ++i) {
if (aresp[i].resp != NULL) {
memset(aresp[i].resp, 0, strlen(aresp[i].resp));
free(aresp[i].resp);
}
}
memset(aresp, 0, n * sizeof *aresp);
*resp = NULL;
return (PAM_CONV_ERR);
}

/*-
* Copyright (c) 2002 Networks Associates Technology, Inc.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This software was developed for the FreeBSD Project by ThinkSec AS and
* Network Associates Laboratories, the Security Research Division of
* Network Associates, Inc. under DARPA/SPAWAR contract N66001-01-C-8035
* ("CBOSS"), as part of the DARPA CHATS research program.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote
* products derived from this software without specific prior written
* permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*
* $FreeBSD: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/pam/converse.c 38826 2012-05-17 19:12:14Z hrs $
*/

#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;
#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;
#include &lt;string.h&gt;
#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;

#include &lt;security/pam_appl.h&gt;

int
converse(int n, const struct pam_message **msg,
struct pam_response **resp, void *data)
{
struct pam_response *aresp;
char buf[PAM_MAX_RESP_SIZE];
int i;

data = data;
if (n &lt;= 0 || n &gt; PAM_MAX_NUM_MSG)
return (PAM_CONV_ERR);
if ((aresp = calloc(n, sizeof *aresp)) == NULL)
return (PAM_BUF_ERR);
for (i = 0; i &lt; n; ++i) {
aresp[i].resp_retcode = 0;
aresp[i].resp = NULL;
switch (msg[i]-&gt;msg_style) {
case PAM_PROMPT_ECHO_OFF:
aresp[i].resp = strdup(getpass(msg[i]-&gt;msg));
if (aresp[i].resp == NULL)
goto fail;
break;
case PAM_PROMPT_ECHO_ON:
fputs(msg[i]-&gt;msg, stderr);
if (fgets(buf, sizeof buf, stdin) == NULL)
goto fail;
aresp[i].resp = strdup(buf);
if (aresp[i].resp == NULL)
goto fail;
break;
case PAM_ERROR_MSG:
fputs(msg[i]-&gt;msg, stderr);
if (strlen(msg[i]-&gt;msg) &gt; 0 &amp;&amp;
msg[i]-&gt;msg[strlen(msg[i]-&gt;msg) - 1] != '\n')
fputc('\n', stderr);
break;
case PAM_TEXT_INFO:
fputs(msg[i]-&gt;msg, stdout);
if (strlen(msg[i]-&gt;msg) &gt; 0 &amp;&amp;
msg[i]-&gt;msg[strlen(msg[i]-&gt;msg) - 1] != '\n')
fputc('\n', stdout);
break;
default:
goto fail;
}
}
*resp = aresp;
return (PAM_SUCCESS);
fail:
for (i = 0; i &lt; n; ++i) {
if (aresp[i].resp != NULL) {
memset(aresp[i].resp, 0, strlen(aresp[i].resp));
free(aresp[i].resp);
}
}
memset(aresp, 0, n * sizeof *aresp);
*resp = NULL;
return (PAM_CONV_ERR);
}

Further Reading

Leitura Adicional

This is a list of documents relevant to PAM and related issues. It is by no means complete.

Esta é uma lista de documentos relevantes para o PAM e questões relacionadas. Não está de modo algum completo.

Papers

Papers

<personname> <surname>Samar</surname> <firstname>Vipin</firstname> </personname>

<personname> <surname>Samar</surname> <firstname>Vipin</firstname> </personname>

<personname> <surname>Lai</surname> <firstname>Charlie</firstname> </personname>

<personname> <surname>Lai</surname> <firstname>Charlie</firstname> </personname>

Sun Microsystems

Sun Microsystems

<link xlink:href="https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/8329799/toc.htm">X/Open Single Sign-on Preliminary Specification</link>

<link xlink:href="https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/8329799/toc.htm">Especificação Preliminar do X/Open Single Sign-on</link>

The Open Group

O grupo aberto