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(itstool) path: sect2/para
English
When you are done, start <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sysinstall</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>. Select the <guimenuitem>Custom</guimenuitem> installation from the main menu. Select <guimenuitem>Options</guimenuitem> and press <keycap>Enter</keycap>. With the help of arrow keys, move the cursor on the <literal>Install Root</literal> item, press <keycap>Space</keycap> and change it to <filename>/mnt</filename>. Press <keycap>Enter</keycap> to submit your changes and exit the <guimenuitem>Options</guimenuitem> menu by pressing <keycap>q</keycap>.
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Context English Portuguese (Brazil) State
At the start, mark all system disks as empty. Repeat the following command for each hard drive: No início, marque todos os discos do sistema como vazios. Repita o seguinte comando para cada disco rígido:
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/<replaceable>ad0</replaceable> count=2</userinput> <prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/<replaceable>ad0</replaceable> count=2</userinput>
Next, create slices and label them with your preferred tool. While it is considered easier to use <application>sysinstall</application>, a powerful and also probably less buggy method will be to use standard text-based <trademark class="registered">UNIX</trademark> tools, such as <citerefentry><refentrytitle>fdisk</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> and <citerefentry><refentrytitle>bsdlabel</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, which will also be covered in this section. The former option is well documented in the <link xlink:href="@@URL_RELPREFIX@@/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/install-steps.html">Installing FreeBSD</link> chapter of the FreeBSD Handbook. As it was mentioned in the introduction, this article will present how to set up a system with RAID-1 and <application>ZFS</application> capabilities. Our set up will consist of a small <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gmirror</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> mirrored <filename>/</filename> (root), <filename>/usr</filename> and <filename>/var</filename> dataset, and the rest of the disk space will be allocated for a <citerefentry><refentrytitle>zpool</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> mirrored <application>ZFS</application> file system. Please note, that the <application>ZFS</application> file system will be configured after the FreeBSD operating system is successfully installed and booted. Em seguida, crie as slices e atribua um label usando sua ferramenta preferida. Embora seja considerado mais fácil usar o <application>sysinstall</application>, um método poderoso e provavelmente com menos bugs será usar as ferramentas padrões de console <trademark class="registered">UNIX</trademark>, como o <citerefentry><refentrytitle>fdisk</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> e o <citerefentry><refentrytitle>bsdlabel</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, o qual também será abordado nesta seção. A primeira opção está bem documentada no capítulo <link xlink:href="@@URL_RELPREFIX@@/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/install-steps.html">Instalando o FreeBSD</link> do Handbook do FreeBSD. Como foi mencionado na introdução, este artigo apresentará como configurar um sistema com recursos RAID-1 e <application>ZFS</application>. Nossa configuração consistirá de uma pequena partição <filename>/</filename> (root) , de um dataset composto por um <filename>/usr</filename> e um <filename>/var</filename> , todos espelhados com o <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gmirror</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, e o restante do espaço em disco alocado para um sistema de arquivos <citerefentry><refentrytitle>zpool</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> espelhado do <application>ZFS</application>. Por favor, observe que o sistema de arquivos<application>ZFS</application> será configurado depois que o sistema operacional FreeBSD for instalado e inicializado com sucesso.
The following example will describe how to create slices and labels, initialize <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gmirror</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> on each partition and how to create a <application>UFS2</application> file system in each mirrored partition: O exemplo a seguir descreverá como criar slices e labels, inicializar o <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gmirror</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> em cada partição e como criar um sistema de arquivos <application>UFS2</application> em cada partição espelhada:
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>fdisk -BI /dev/ad0</userinput> <co xml:id="fdisk"/>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>fdisk -BI /dev/ad1</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>bsdlabel -wB /dev/ad0s1</userinput> <co xml:id="bsdlabel-writing"/>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>bsdlabel -wB /dev/ad1s1</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>bsdlabel -e /dev/ad0s1</userinput> <co xml:id="bsdlabel-editing"/>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>bsdlabel /dev/ad0s1 &gt; /tmp/bsdlabel.txt &amp;&amp; bsdlabel -R /dev/ad1s1 /tmp/bsdlabel.txt</userinput> <co xml:id="bsdlabel-restore"/>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gmirror label root /dev/ad[01]s1a</userinput> <co xml:id="gmirror1"/>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gmirror label var /dev/ad[01]s1d</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gmirror label usr /dev/ad[01]s1e</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gmirror label -F swap /dev/ad[01]s1b</userinput> <co xml:id="gmirror2"/>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>newfs /dev/mirror/root</userinput> <co xml:id="newfs"/>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>newfs /dev/mirror/var</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>newfs /dev/mirror/usr</userinput> 		<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>fdisk -BI /dev/ad0</userinput> <co xml:id="fdisk"/>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>fdisk -BI /dev/ad1</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>bsdlabel -wB /dev/ad0s1</userinput> <co xml:id="bsdlabel-writing"/>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>bsdlabel -wB /dev/ad1s1</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>bsdlabel -e /dev/ad0s1</userinput> <co xml:id="bsdlabel-editing"/>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>bsdlabel /dev/ad0s1 &gt; /tmp/bsdlabel.txt &amp;&amp; bsdlabel -R /dev/ad1s1 /tmp/bsdlabel.txt</userinput> <co xml:id="bsdlabel-restore"/>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gmirror label root /dev/ad[01]s1a</userinput> <co xml:id="gmirror1"/>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gmirror label var /dev/ad[01]s1d</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gmirror label usr /dev/ad[01]s1e</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gmirror label -F swap /dev/ad[01]s1b</userinput> <co xml:id="gmirror2"/>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>newfs /dev/mirror/root</userinput> <co xml:id="newfs"/>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>newfs /dev/mirror/var</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>newfs /dev/mirror/usr</userinput>
Create a slice covering the entire disk and initialize the boot code contained in sector 0 of the given disk. Repeat this command for all hard drives in the system. Crie uma slice cobrindo todo o disco e inicialize o código de inicialização contido no setor 0 do disco fornecido. Repita este comando para todos os discos rígidos no sistema.
Write a standard label for each disk including the bootstrap code. Escreva um label padrão para cada disco, incluindo o código de bootstrap.
Now, manually edit the label of the given disk. Refer to the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>bsdlabel</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> manual page in order to find out how to create partitions. Create partitions <literal>a</literal> for <filename>/</filename> (root) file system, <literal>b</literal> for swap, <literal>d</literal> for <filename>/var</filename>, <literal>e</literal> for <filename>/usr</filename> and finally <literal>f</literal> which will later be used for <application>ZFS</application>. Agora, edite manualmente o label do disco fornecido. Consulte a página de manual do <citerefentry><refentrytitle>bsdlabel</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>para descobrir como criar partições. Crie as partições <literal>a</literal> para o sistema de arquivos <filename>/</filename> (root) , <literal>b</literal> para swap, <literal>d</literal> para <filename>/var </filename>,<literal>e</literal> para <filename>/usr</filename> e finalmente <literal>f</literal>, que será usado posteriormente para o <application>ZFS</application>.
Import the recently created label for the second hard drive, so both hard drives will be labeled in the same way. Importe o label recém-criado para o segundo disco rígido, para que ambos os discos sejam rotulados da mesma maneira.
Initialize <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gmirror</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> on each partition. Inicialize o <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gmirror</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> em cada partição.
Note that <option>-F</option> is used for the swap partition. This instructs <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gmirror</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> to assume that the device is in the consistent state after the power/system failure. Note que <option>-F</option> é usado para a partição de swap. Isso instrui o <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gmirror</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum> </citerefentry> a assumir que o dispositivo está no estado consistente após a falha de energia/sistema.
Create a <application>UFS2</application> file system on each mirrored partition. Crie um sistema de arquivos <application>UFS2</application> em cada partição espelhada.
System Installation Instalação do sistema
This is the most important part. This section will describe how to actually install the minimal distribution of FreeBSD on the hard drives that we have prepared in the previous section. To accomplish this goal, all file systems need to be mounted so <application>sysinstall</application> may write the contents of FreeBSD to the hard drives: Esta é a parte mais importante. Esta seção irá descrever como instalar a distribuição mínima do FreeBSD nos discos rígidos que preparamos na seção anterior. Para atingir este objetivo, todos os sistemas de arquivos precisam ser montados para que o <application>sysinstall</application> possa gravar o conteúdo do FreeBSD nos discos rígidos:
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>mount /dev/mirror/root /mnt</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>mkdir /mnt/var /mnt/usr</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>mount /dev/mirror/var /mnt/var</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>mount /dev/mirror/usr /mnt/usr</userinput> 		<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>mount /dev/mirror/root /mnt</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>mkdir /mnt/var /mnt/usr</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>mount /dev/mirror/var /mnt/var</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>mount /dev/mirror/usr /mnt/usr</userinput>
When you are done, start <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sysinstall</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>. Select the <guimenuitem>Custom</guimenuitem> installation from the main menu. Select <guimenuitem>Options</guimenuitem> and press <keycap>Enter</keycap>. With the help of arrow keys, move the cursor on the <literal>Install Root</literal> item, press <keycap>Space</keycap> and change it to <filename>/mnt</filename>. Press <keycap>Enter</keycap> to submit your changes and exit the <guimenuitem>Options</guimenuitem> menu by pressing <keycap>q</keycap>. Quando terminar, inicie o <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sysinstall</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>. Selecione a instalação <guimenuitem>Personalizada</guimenuitem> no menu principal. Selecione <guimenuitem>Opções</guimenuitem> e pressione <keycap>Enter</keycap>. Com a ajuda das teclas direcionais, mova o cursor para o item <literal>Install Root</literal>, pressione <keycap>Espaço</keycap> e altere-o para <filename>/mnt</filename>. Pressione <keycap>Enter</keycap> para enviar suas alterações e sair do menu <guimenuitem>Opções</guimenuitem> pressionando <keycap>q</keycap>.
Note that this step is very important and if skipped, <application>sysinstall</application> will be unable to install FreeBSD. Note que este passo é muito importante e se for ignorado, o <application>sysinstall</application> não poderá instalar o FreeBSD.
Go to the <guimenuitem>Distributions</guimenuitem> menu, move the cursor with the arrow keys to <option>Minimal</option>, and check it by pressing <keycap>Space</keycap>. This article uses the Minimal distribution in order to save network traffic, because the system itself will be installed over <application>ftp</application>. Exit this menu by choosing <option>Exit</option>. Vá para o menu <guimenuitem>Distributions</guimenuitem>, mova o cursor com as teclas de seta para <option>Minimal</option> e selecione-o pressionando <keycap>Space</keycap>. Este artigo usa a distribuição mínima para salvar o tráfego de rede, porque o próprio sistema será instalado por <application>ftp</application>. Saia deste menu escolhendo <option>Exit</option>.
The <guimenuitem>Partition</guimenuitem> and <guimenuitem>Label</guimenuitem> menus will be skipped, as these are useless now. Os menus <guimenuitem>Partition</guimenuitem> e <guimenuitem>Label</guimenuitem> serão ignorados, pois são inúteis agora.
In the <guimenuitem>Media</guimenuitem> menu, select <option>FTP</option>. Select the nearest mirror and let <application>sysinstall</application> assume that the network is already configured. You will be returned back to the <guimenuitem>Custom</guimenuitem> menu. No menu <guimenuitem>Media</guimenuitem>, selecione <option>FTP</option>. Selecione o espelho mais próximo e deixe o <application>sysinstall</application> assumir que a rede já está configurada. Você retornará ao menu <guimenuitem>Personalizar</guimenuitem>.
Finally, perform the system installation by selecting the last option, <guimenuitem>Commit</guimenuitem>. Exit <application>sysinstall</application> when it finishes the installation. Finalmente, realize a instalação do sistema selecionando a última opção, <guimenuitem>Commit</guimenuitem>. Saia do <application>sysinstall </application> quando terminar a instalação.
Post Installation Steps Etapas pós-instalação
The FreeBSD operating system should be installed now; however, the process is not finished yet. It is necessary to perform some post installation steps in order to allow FreeBSD to boot in the future and to be able to log in to the system. O sistema operacional do FreeBSD deve estar instalado agora; no entanto, o processo ainda não está concluído. É necessário executar algumas etapas pós-instalação para permitir que o FreeBSD inicialize no futuro e consiga efetuar o login no sistema.
You must now <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chroot</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> into the freshly installed system in order to finish the installation. Use the following command: Você deve agora executar <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chroot</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> para o sistema recém-instalado para concluir a instalação. Use o seguinte comando:
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>chroot /mnt</userinput> <prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>chroot /mnt</userinput>
To complete our goal, perform these steps: Para completar nosso objetivo, execute estas etapas:
Copy the <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel to the <filename>/boot/kernel</filename> directory: Copie o kernel <literal>GENERIC</literal> para o diretório <filename>/boot/kernel</filename>:
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>cp -Rp /boot/GENERIC/* /boot/kernel</userinput> <prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>cp -Rp /boot/GENERIC/* /boot/kernel</userinput>
Create the <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>, <filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename> and <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> files. Do not forget to properly set the network information and to enable <application>sshd</application> in <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>. The contents of <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> will be similar to the following: Crie os arquivos <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>, <filename>/etc/resolv.conf </filename> e <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>. Não se esqueça de configurar corretamente as informações de rede e ativar o <application>sshd</application> em <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>. O conteúdo do <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> será semelhante ao seguinte:
# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
/dev/mirror/swap none swap sw 0 0
/dev/mirror/root / ufs rw 1 1
/dev/mirror/usr /usr ufs rw 2 2
/dev/mirror/var /var ufs rw 2 2
/dev/cd0 /cdrom cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0 		# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
/dev/mirror/swap none swap sw 0 0
/dev/mirror/root / ufs rw 1 1
/dev/mirror/usr /usr ufs rw 2 2
/dev/mirror/var /var ufs rw 2 2
/dev/cd0 /cdrom cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0
Create <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename> with the following contents: Crie o <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename> com o seguinte conteúdo:

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Source string comment
(itstool) path: sect2/para
Source string location
article.translate.xml:429
String age
a year ago
Source string age
a year ago
Translation file
articles/pt_BR/remote-install.po, string 77