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(itstool) path: sect2/para
English
<filename>gm0</filename> is a user-chosen device name assigned to the new mirror. After the mirror has been started, this device name appears in <filename>/dev/mirror/</filename>.
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Context English Turkish (tr_TR) State
Metadata Issues Üstveri sorunları
Many disk systems store metadata at the end of each disk. Old metadata should be erased before reusing the disk for a mirror. Most problems are caused by two particular types of leftover metadata: <acronym>GPT</acronym> partition tables and old metadata from a previous mirror. Birçok disk sistemi meta verileri her diskin sonunda depolar. Bir ayna için diski yeniden kullanmadan önce eski üstveri silinmelidir. Çoğu sorun, iki farklı tipte üstveri artığı nedeniyle ortaya çıkar: <acronym>GPT</acronym> bölme tabloları ve önceki aynadan kalan eski
üstveri.
<acronym>GPT</acronym> metadata can be erased with <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gpart</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>. This example erases both primary and backup <acronym>GPT</acronym> partition tables from disk <filename>ada8</filename>: <acronym>GPT</acronym> üstveri <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gpart</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> ile silinebilir. Bu örnek hem ana hemde yedekleme <acronym>GPT</acronym> bölüm tablolarını diskten <filename>ada8</filename> siler:
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gpart destroy -F ada8</userinput> <prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gpart destroy -F ada8</userinput>
A disk can be removed from an active mirror and the metadata erased in one step using <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gmirror</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>. Here, the example disk <filename>ada8</filename> is removed from the active mirror <filename>gm4</filename>: Bir disk etkin aynalamadan çıkarılabilir ve meta veriler<citerefentry><refentrytitle>gmirror</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> kullanılarak tek adımda silinebilir. Burada örnek disk<filename>ada8</filename> <filename>gm4</filename> aktif aynasından çıkarılmıştır:
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gmirror remove gm4 ada8</userinput> <prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gmirror remove gm4 ada8</userinput>
If the mirror is not running, but old mirror metadata is still on the disk, use <command>gmirror clear</command> to remove it: Aynalamasa çalışmıyorsa ancak eski aynalama üstverisi hala diskteyse kaldırmak için <command>gmirror clear</command> kullanın.
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gmirror clear ada8</userinput> <prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gmirror clear ada8</userinput>
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>gmirror</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> stores one block of metadata at the end of the disk. Because <acronym>GPT</acronym> partition schemes also store metadata at the end of the disk, mirroring entire <acronym>GPT</acronym> disks with <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gmirror</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> is not recommended. <acronym>MBR</acronym> partitioning is used here because it only stores a partition table at the start of the disk and does not conflict with the mirror metadata. <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gmirror</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> diskin sonunda bir üstveri saklar. Çünkü <acronym>GPT</acronym> bölüm taslakları ayrıca diskin sonunda üstveri saklar, tüm<acronym>GPT</acronym> disklerin <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gmirror</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> ile aynalanması önerilmez.<acronym>MBR</acronym> bölümleme burada kullanılır, çünkü bölüm diskini yalnızca diskin başında saklar ve aynalama üstverisiyle çakışmaz.
Creating a Mirror with Two New Disks İki yeni disk ile aynalama oluşturma
In this example, FreeBSD has already been installed on a single disk, <filename>ada0</filename>. Two new disks, <filename>ada1</filename> and <filename>ada2</filename>, have been connected to the system. A new mirror will be created on these two disks and used to replace the old single disk. Bu örnekte FreeBSD zaten tek diske yüklüdür.<filename>ada0</filename>. İki yeni disk<filename>ada1</filename> ve <filename>ada2</filename> sisteme bağlanmıştır. Bu iki diskte yeni bir aynalama oluşturulacak ve eski tek diskin yerini alacak şekilde kullanılacak.
The <filename>geom_mirror.ko</filename> kernel module must either be built into the kernel or loaded at boot- or run-time. Manually load the kernel module now: <filename>geom_mirror.ko</filename> kernel modülü kernel yerleştirilmeli veya boot veya çalışma zamanında yüklenmelidir. Çekirdek modülünü şimdi manuel olarakyükleyin:
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gmirror load</userinput> <prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gmirror load</userinput>
Create the mirror with the two new drives: İki yeni sürücü ile aynalama oluşturma:
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gmirror label -v gm0 /dev/ada1 /dev/ada2</userinput> <prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gmirror label -v gm0 /dev/ada1 /dev/ada2</userinput>
<filename>gm0</filename> is a user-chosen device name assigned to the new mirror. After the mirror has been started, this device name appears in <filename>/dev/mirror/</filename>. <filename>gm0</filename> yeni aynalamaya verilen ve kullanıcı tarafından seçilen cihaz ismidir. Aynalama başladıktan sonra cihaz ismi <filename>/dev/mirror/</filename>' de belirir.
<acronym>MBR</acronym> and <application>bsdlabel</application> partition tables can now be created on the mirror with <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gpart</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>. This example uses a traditional file system layout, with partitions for <filename>/</filename>, swap, <filename>/var</filename>, <filename>/tmp</filename>, and <filename>/usr</filename>. A single <filename>/</filename> and a swap partition will also work. <acronym>MBR</acronym> ve<application>bsdlabel</application> bölüm tabloları şu anda <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gpart</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> ile aynada oluşturulabilir. Bu örnek <filename></filename>,swap,<filename>/var</filename>,<filename>/tmp</filename>, ve<filename>/usr</filename> bölümleri için geleneksel bir sistem dizilimi kullanır. Tek <filename>/</filename>ve swap bölümleri de ayrıca çalışacaktır.
Partitions on the mirror do not have to be the same size as those on the existing disk, but they must be large enough to hold all the data already present on <filename>ada0</filename>. Aynadaki bölümlerin mevcut diskteki bölümlerle aynı boyutta olması gerekmez, ancak <filename>ada0</filename> 'da mevcut olan tüm verileri tutacak kadar büyük olmalıdırlar.
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gpart create -s MBR mirror/gm0</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gpart add -t freebsd -a 4k mirror/gm0</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gpart show mirror/gm0</userinput>
=&gt; 63 156301423 mirror/gm0 MBR (74G)
63 63 - free - (31k)
126 156301299 1 freebsd (74G)
156301425 61 - free - (30k) 		<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gpart create -s MBR mirror/gm0</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gpart add -t freebsd -a 4k mirror/gm0</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gpart show mirror/gm0</userinput>
=&gt; 63 156301423 mirror/gm0 MBR (74G)
63 63 - free - (31k)
126 156301299 1 freebsd (74G)
156301425 61 - free - (30k)
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gpart create -s BSD mirror/gm0s1</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gpart add -t freebsd-ufs -a 4k -s 2g mirror/gm0s1</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gpart add -t freebsd-swap -a 4k -s 4g mirror/gm0s1</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gpart add -t freebsd-ufs -a 4k -s 2g mirror/gm0s1</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gpart add -t freebsd-ufs -a 4k -s 1g mirror/gm0s1</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gpart add -t freebsd-ufs -a 4k mirror/gm0s1</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gpart show mirror/gm0s1</userinput>
=&gt; 0 156301299 mirror/gm0s1 BSD (74G)
0 2 - free - (1.0k)
2 4194304 1 freebsd-ufs (2.0G)
4194306 8388608 2 freebsd-swap (4.0G)
12582914 4194304 4 freebsd-ufs (2.0G)
16777218 2097152 5 freebsd-ufs (1.0G)
18874370 137426928 6 freebsd-ufs (65G)
156301298 1 - free - (512B) 		<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gpart create -s BSD mirror/gm0s1</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gpart add -t freebsd-ufs -a 4k -s 2g mirror/gm0s1</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gpart add -t freebsd-swap -a 4k -s 4g mirror/gm0s1</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gpart add -t freebsd-ufs -a 4k -s 2g mirror/gm0s1</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gpart add -t freebsd-ufs -a 4k -s 1g mirror/gm0s1</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gpart add -t freebsd-ufs -a 4k mirror/gm0s1</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gpart show mirror/gm0s1</userinput>
=&gt; 0 156301299 mirror/gm0s1 BSD (74G)
0 2 - free - (1.0k)
2 4194304 1 freebsd-ufs (2.0G)
4194306 8388608 2 freebsd-swap (4.0G)
12582914 4194304 4 freebsd-ufs (2.0G)
16777218 2097152 5 freebsd-ufs (1.0G)
18874370 137426928 6 freebsd-ufs (65G)
156301298 1 - free - (512B)
Make the mirror bootable by installing bootcode in the <acronym>MBR</acronym> and bsdlabel and setting the active slice: Önyükleme kodunu <acronym>MBR</acronym>'ye ve bsdlabel'a girerek ve aktif bölümü ayarlayarak aynayı önyüklenebilir hale getirin:
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gpart bootcode -b /boot/mbr mirror/gm0</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gpart set -a active -i 1 mirror/gm0</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gpart bootcode -b /boot/boot mirror/gm0s1</userinput> 		<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gpart bootcode -b /boot/mbr mirror/gm0</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gpart set -a active -i 1 mirror/gm0</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>gpart bootcode -b /boot/boot mirror/gm0s1</userinput>
Format the file systems on the new mirror, enabling soft-updates. Yazılım güncellemelerini devreye alarak, yeni aynadaki dosya sistemlerini formatlayın.
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>newfs -U /dev/mirror/gm0s1a</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>newfs -U /dev/mirror/gm0s1d</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>newfs -U /dev/mirror/gm0s1e</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>newfs -U /dev/mirror/gm0s1f</userinput> 		<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>newfs -U /dev/mirror/gm0s1a</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>newfs -U /dev/mirror/gm0s1d</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>newfs -U /dev/mirror/gm0s1e</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>newfs -U /dev/mirror/gm0s1f</userinput>
File systems from the original <filename>ada0</filename> disk can now be copied onto the mirror with <citerefentry><refentrytitle>dump</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> and <citerefentry><refentrytitle>restore</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>. Dosya sistemleri kaynak <filename>ada0</filename> diskinden <citerefentry><refentrytitle>döküm</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> ve <citerefentry><refentrytitle>geri yükleme </refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>ile aynaya kopyalanabilir.
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>mount /dev/mirror/gm0s1a /mnt</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>dump -C16 -b64 -0aL -f - / | (cd /mnt &amp;&amp; restore -rf -)</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>mount /dev/mirror/gm0s1d /mnt/var</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>mount /dev/mirror/gm0s1e /mnt/tmp</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>mount /dev/mirror/gm0s1f /mnt/usr</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>dump -C16 -b64 -0aL -f - /var | (cd /mnt/var &amp;&amp; restore -rf -)</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>dump -C16 -b64 -0aL -f - /tmp | (cd /mnt/tmp &amp;&amp; restore -rf -)</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>dump -C16 -b64 -0aL -f - /usr | (cd /mnt/usr &amp;&amp; restore -rf -)</userinput> 		<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>mount /dev/mirror/gm0s1a /mnt</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>dump -C16 -b64 -0aL -f - / | (cd /mnt &amp;&amp; restore -rf -)</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>mount /dev/mirror/gm0s1d /mnt/var</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>mount /dev/mirror/gm0s1e /mnt/tmp</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>mount /dev/mirror/gm0s1f /mnt/usr</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>dump -C16 -b64 -0aL -f - /var | (cd /mnt/var &amp;&amp; restore -rf -)</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>dump -C16 -b64 -0aL -f - /tmp | (cd /mnt/tmp &amp;&amp; restore -rf -)</userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>dump -C16 -b64 -0aL -f - /usr | (cd /mnt/usr &amp;&amp; restore -rf -)</userinput>
Edit <filename>/mnt/etc/fstab</filename> to point to the new mirror file systems: yeni ayna doya sistemlerine işaret etmek için <filename>/mnt/etc/fstab</filename> düzenle:
# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
/dev/mirror/gm0s1a / ufs rw 1 1
/dev/mirror/gm0s1b none swap sw 0 0
/dev/mirror/gm0s1d /var ufs rw 2 2
/dev/mirror/gm0s1e /tmp ufs rw 2 2
/dev/mirror/gm0s1f /usr ufs rw 2 2 		# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
/dev/mirror/gm0s1a / ufs rw 1 1
/dev/mirror/gm0s1b none swap sw 0 0
/dev/mirror/gm0s1d /var ufs rw 2 2
/dev/mirror/gm0s1e /tmp ufs rw 2 2
/dev/mirror/gm0s1f /usr ufs rw 2 2
If the <filename>geom_mirror.ko</filename> kernel module has not been built into the kernel, <filename>/mnt/boot/loader.conf</filename> is edited to load the module at boot: <filename>geom_mirror.ko</filename>kernel modülü kernele işlenmemişse <filename>/mnt/boot/loader.conf</filename> başlangıçta kernele işlenmesi için düzenlenir:
geom_mirror_load="YES" geom_mirror_load="EVET"
Reboot the system to test the new mirror and verify that all data has been copied. The <acronym>BIOS</acronym> will see the mirror as two individual drives rather than a mirror. Because the drives are identical, it does not matter which is selected to boot. Yeni aynayı test etmek ve tüm verilerin kopyalandığını doğrulamak için sistemi yeniden başlatın.<acronym>BIOS</acronym> aynayı ayna yerine iki ayrı sürücü olarak görecektir. Sürücüler aynı olduğundan, hangisinin önyükleme için seçildiği önemli değildir.

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User avatar ibrahimkarapolat

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FreeBSD Doc / books_handbook — Turkish (tr_TR)

<filename>gm0</filename> is a user-chosen device name assigned to the new mirror. After the mirror has been started, this device name appears in <filename>/dev/mirror/</filename>.
<filename>gm0</filename> yeni aynalamaya verilen ve kullanıcı tarafından seçilen cihaz ismidir. Aynalama başladıktan sonra cihaz ismi <filename>/dev/mirror/</filename>' de belirir.
8 months ago
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Previous translation was "<filename>gm0</filename> yeni aynalamaya verilen ve kullanıcı tarafından seçilen cihaz ismidir. Aynalama başladıktan sonra cihaz ismi <filename>/dev/mirror/</filename>' de belirir.".

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English Turkish (tr_TR)
device aygıt FreeBSD Doc
device aygıt FreeBSD Doc
filename dosya adı FreeBSD Doc
user kullanıcı FreeBSD Doc

Source information

Source string comment
(itstool) path: sect2/para
Source string location
book.translate.xml:38008
String age
9 months ago
Source string age
a year ago
Translation file
books/tr_TR/handbook.po, string 6337