Units
Translation components API.
See the Weblate's Web API documentation for detailed description of the API.
GET /api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/units/?format=api
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"", "target": [ "A memória do kernel também deve ser alocada dinamicamente para estruturas adicionais de gerenciamento da swap quando ocorre uma troca." ], "id_hash": 4076615525758908292, "content_hash": 4076615525758908292, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:195", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 38, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 18, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/368013/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 368014, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?checksum=b8930c38cab3b784", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/368014/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-02-21T23:17:46.930770Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "Swap management structures are allocated through a hash table rather than a linear array giving them a fixed allocation size and much finer granularity." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "As estruturas de gerenciamento de swap são alocadas por meio de uma tabela de hash, em vez de um array linear, fornecendo um tamanho de alocação fixo e uma granularidade muito mais fina." ], "id_hash": 3185326950855392566, "content_hash": 3185326950855392566, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:200", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 40, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 24, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/368017/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 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"https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "To reduce fragmentation the radix tree is capable of allocating large contiguous chunks at once, skipping over smaller fragmented chunks." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Para reduzir a fragmentação, a árvore raiz é capaz de alocar grandes blocos contíguos de uma só vez, pulando pedaços menores e fragmentados." ], "id_hash": 990217662889969609, "content_hash": 990217662889969609, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:203", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 43, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 20, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/368023/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 368024, "web_url": 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"priority": 100, "id": 368028, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?checksum=4e52269c601e45f7", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/368028/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-02-21T23:17:47.086883Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "Pre-Faulting and Zeroing Optimizations" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Otimizações de Pré-Falhas ou para Zerar" ], "id_hash": -7199560516843032198, "content_hash": -7199560516843032198, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:249", "context": "", "note": "type: Title ==", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 54, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 4, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/368045/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 368046, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?checksum=1c1605dad6a4b17a", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/368046/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-02-21T23:17:47.274483Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "Page Table Optimizations" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Otimizações da Tabela de Páginas" ], "id_hash": 7381999408203105810, "content_hash": 7381999408203105810, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:270", "context": "", "note": "type: Title ==", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 57, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 3, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/368051/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 368052, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?checksum=e6722159aa170612", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/368052/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-02-21T23:17:47.338269Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "Page Coloring" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Page Coloring" ], "id_hash": 5361117431676146431, "content_hash": 5361117431676146431, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:287", "context": "", "note": "type: Title ==", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 60, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 2, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/368057/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 368058, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?checksum=ca6683e6523612ff", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/368058/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-02-21T23:17:47.404025Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "Conclusion" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Conclusão" ], "id_hash": -438954553492005104, "content_hash": -438954553492005104, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:306", "context": "", "note": "type: Title ==", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 63, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 1, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/368063/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 368064, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?checksum=79e88528c6919f10", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/368064/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-02-21T23:17:47.469315Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "Bonus QA session by Allen Briggs" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -3193954519288190759, "content_hash": -3193954519288190759, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:313", "context": "", "note": "type: Title ==", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 65, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 6, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/368067/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 368068, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?checksum=53accb497912e8d9", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/368068/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-02-21T23:17:47.508111Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "What is the interleaving algorithm that you refer to in your listing of the ills of the FreeBSD 3.X swap arrangements?" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -648622040058245068, "content_hash": -648622040058245068, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:315", "context": "", "note": "type: Title ===", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 66, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 21, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/368069/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 368070, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?checksum=76ffa1b0ecd6d034", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/368070/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-02-21T23:17:47.526354Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D\n" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D\n" ], "id_hash": 922062017217951916, "content_hash": 922062017217951916, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:324", "context": "", "note": "type: delimited block . 4", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 10, "fuzzy": true, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 68, "has_suggestion": true, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 16, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/368073/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 368074, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?checksum=8ccbd284f527f8ac", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/368074/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-02-21T23:17:47.565580Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "Why do we interleave our swap space instead of just tack swap areas onto the end and do something fancier? It is a whole lot easier to allocate linear swaths of an address space and have the result automatically be interleaved across multiple disks than it is to try to put that sophistication elsewhere." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -5189863536442483307, "content_hash": -5189863536442483307, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:333", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 70, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 54, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/368077/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 368078, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?checksum=37f9e69c5597dd95", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/368078/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-02-21T23:17:47.606716Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "How is the separation of clean and dirty (inactive) pages related to the situation where you see low cache queue counts and high active queue counts in systat -vm? Do the systat stats roll the active and dirty pages together for the active queue count?" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Como a separação de páginas limpas e sujas (inativas) está relacionada à situação em que você vê baixas contagens de filas de cache e altas contagens de filas ativas no <command>systat -vm</command>? As estatísticas do systat rolam as páginas ativa e inativas juntas para a contagem de filas ativas?" ], "id_hash": 3353279667003563824, "content_hash": 3353279667003563824, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:344", "context": "", "note": "type: Title ===", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 10, "fuzzy": true, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 73, "has_suggestion": true, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 45, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/368083/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 368084, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?checksum=ae893e1738499f30", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/368084/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-02-21T23:17:48.124362Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "What this means is that FreeBSD will not try very hard to separate out dirty pages (inactive queue) from clean pages (cache queue) when the system is not being stressed, nor will it try to deactivate pages (active queue -> inactive queue) when the system is not being stressed, even if they are not being used." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "O que isto significa é que o FreeBSD não tentará muito separar páginas sujas (fila inativa) de páginas limpas (fila de cache) quando o sistema não está sendo estressado, nem vai tentar desativar páginas (fila ativa -> fila inativa) quando o sistema não está sendo estressado, mesmo que não estejam sendo usados." ], "id_hash": -5926730276734892911, "content_hash": -5926730276734892911, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:351", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 10, "fuzzy": true, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 75, "has_suggestion": true, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 56, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/368087/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 368088, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?checksum=2dc00636e7aa0491", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/368088/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-02-21T23:17:48.193147Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "In man:ls[1] the / vmstat 1 example, would not some of the page faults be data page faults (COW from executable file to private page)? I.e., I would expect the page faults to be some zero-fill and some program data. Or are you implying that FreeBSD does do pre-COW for the program data?" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 7433035198401274017, "content_hash": 7433035198401274017, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:352", "context": "", "note": "type: Title ===", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 76, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 53, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/368089/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 368090, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?checksum=e72772218baee0a1", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/368090/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-02-21T23:17:48.213320Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "In your section on page table optimizations, can you give a little more detail about pv_entry and vm_page (or should vm_page be vm_pmap-as in 4.4, cf. pp. 180-181 of McKusick, Bostic, Karel, Quarterman)? Specifically, what kind of operation/reaction would require scanning the mappings?" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Em sua seção sobre otimizações de tabela de páginas, você pode dar um pouco mais de detalhes sobre <literal>pv_entry</literal> e <literal>vm_page</literal> (ou vm_page deveria ser <literal>vm_pmap</literal>- como em 4.4, cf. pp. 180-181 of McKusick, Bostic, Karel, Quarterman)? Especificamente, que tipo de operação/reação exigiria a varredura dos mapeamentos?" ], "id_hash": -131807252796287441, "content_hash": -131807252796287441, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:359", "context": "", "note": "type: Title ===", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 10, "fuzzy": true, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 78, "has_suggestion": true, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 43, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/368093/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 368094, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?checksum=7e2bba007e41d62f", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/368094/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-02-21T23:17:48.254539Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "Finally, in the page coloring section, it might help to have a little more description of what you mean here. I did not quite follow it." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Finalmente, na seção de page coloring, pode ser útil descrever um pouco mais o que você quer dizer aqui. Eu não segui bem isso." ], "id_hash": 2004629771682149064, "content_hash": 2004629771682149064, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:384", "context": "", "note": "type: Title ===", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 85, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 26, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/368107/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 368108, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?checksum=9bd1e028074972c8", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/368108/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-02-21T23:17:48.391714Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "The title is really just a fancy way of saying that I am going to attempt to describe the whole VM enchilada, hopefully in a way that everyone can follow. For the last year I have concentrated on a number of major kernel subsystems within FreeBSD, with the VM and Swap subsystems being the most interesting and NFS being \"a necessary chore\". I rewrote only small portions of the code. In the VM arena the only major rewrite I have done is to the swap subsystem. Most of my work was cleanup and maintenance, with only moderate code rewriting and no major algorithmic adjustments within the VM subsystem. The bulk of the VM subsystem's theoretical base remains unchanged and a lot of the credit for the modernization effort in the last few years belongs to John Dyson and David Greenman. Not being a historian like Kirk I will not attempt to tag all the various features with peoples names, since I will invariably get it wrong." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "O título é realmente apenas uma maneira extravagante de dizer que vou tentar descrever todo o grupo de itens de uma VM, espero que de uma forma que todos possam acompanhar. Pelo ultimo ano eu me concentrei em vários dos principais subsistemas do kernel dentro do FreeBSD, com os subsistemas VM e Swap sendo os mais interessantes e o NFS sendo <quote>uma tarefa necessária</quote>. Eu reescrevi apenas pequenas partes do código. Na área de VM, a única grande reescrita que fiz foi para o subsistema de troca. A maior parte do meu trabalho foi de limpeza e manutenção, com apenas uma moderada reescrita de código e sem grandes ajustes nos algorítimos do subsistema VM. A maior parte da base teórica do subsistema VM permanece inalterada e muito do crédito pelo esforço de modernização nos últimos anos pertence a John Dyson e David Greenman. Não sendo um historiador como Kirk, eu não tentarei marcar todos os vários recursos com nomes de pessoas, já que invariavelmente vou errar." ], "id_hash": 7312304718250146262, "content_hash": 7312304718250146262, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:53", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 10, "fuzzy": true, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 5, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 166, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615365/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615471, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?checksum=e57a866624b679d6", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615471/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:40.430454Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "Before moving along to the actual design let's spend a little time on the necessity of maintaining and modernizing any long-living codebase. In the programming world, algorithms tend to be more important than code and it is precisely due to BSD's academic roots that a great deal of attention was paid to algorithm design from the beginning. More attention paid to the design generally leads to a clean and flexible codebase that can be fairly easily modified, extended, or replaced over time. While BSD is considered an \"old\" operating system by some people, those of us who work on it tend to view it more as a \"mature\" codebase which has various components modified, extended, or replaced with modern code. It has evolved, and FreeBSD is at the bleeding edge no matter how old some of the code might be. This is an important distinction to make and one that is unfortunately lost to many people. The biggest error a programmer can make is to not learn from history, and this is precisely the error that many other modern operating systems have made. Windows NT(R) is the best example of this, and the consequences have been dire. Linux also makes this mistake to some degree-enough that we BSD folk can make small jokes about it every once in a while, anyway. Linux's problem is simply one of a lack of experience and history to compare ideas against, a problem that is easily and rapidly being addressed by the Linux community in the same way it has been addressed in the BSD community-by continuous code development. The Windows NT(R) folk, on the other hand, repeatedly make the same mistakes solved by UNIX(R) decades ago and then spend years fixing them. Over and over again. They have a severe case of \"not designed here\" and \"we are always right because our marketing department says so\". I have little tolerance for anyone who cannot learn from history." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Antes de avançarmos para o design atual, vamos dedicar um pouco de tempo a necessidade de manter e modernizar qualquer base de código duradoura. No mundo da programação, os algoritmos tendem a ser mais importantes do que o código, e é precisamente devido as raízes acadêmicas do BSD que uma grande atenção foi dada ao design do algoritmo desde o início. Mais atenção ao design geralmente leva a uma base de código limpa e flexível que pode ser facilmente modificada, estendida ou substituída ao longo do tempo. Embora o BSD seja considerado um sistema operacional <quote>antigo</quote> por algumas pessoas, aqueles de nós que trabalham nele tendem a vê-lo mais como uma base de código <quote>madura</quote> que possui vários componentes modificados, estendidos, ou substituído por código moderno. Ele evoluiu e o FreeBSD está no topo, não importa quantos anos tenha o código. Esta é uma distinção importante a ser feita e infelizmente perdida para muitas pessoas. O maior erro que um programador pode cometer é não aprender com a história, e esse é precisamente o erro que muitos outros sistemas operacionais modernos cometeram. <trademark class=\"registered\">Windows NT</trademark> é o melhor exemplo disso, e as conseqüências foram terríveis. O Linux também cometeu esse erro até certo ponto - o suficiente para que nós, do BSD, possamos fazer pequenas piadas sobre isso de vez em quando, entretanto. O problema do Linux é simplesmente a falta de experiência e histórico para comparar idéias, um problema que está sendo resolvido de forma fácil e rápida pela comunidade Linux, da mesma forma como foi abordado na comunidade BSD - pelo desenvolvimento contínuo de código. Por outro lado, o povo do <trademark class=\"registered\">Windows NT</trademark>, repetidamente comete os mesmos erros resolvidos no <trademark class=\"registered\">UNIX</trademark> décadas atrás e depois gasta anos corrigindo-os. De novo e de novo. Eles têm um caso grave de <quote>não foi projetado aqui</quote> e <quote>estamos sempre certos porque nosso departamento de marketing diz que sim</quote>. Tenho pouca tolerância para quem não pode aprender com a história." ], "id_hash": 3503886788887829682, "content_hash": 3503886788887829682, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:75", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 10, "fuzzy": true, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 8, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 324, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615367/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615472, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?checksum=b0a04e7858d7dcb2", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615472/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:40.592274Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "Much of the apparent complexity of the FreeBSD design, especially in the VM/Swap subsystem, is a direct result of having to solve serious performance issues that occur under various conditions. These issues are not due to bad algorithmic design but instead rise from environmental factors. In any direct comparison between platforms, these issues become most apparent when system resources begin to get stressed. As I describe FreeBSD's VM/Swap subsystem the reader should always keep two points in mind:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Grande parte da complexidade aparente do design do FreeBSD, especialmente no subsistema VM/Swap, é um resultado direto de ter que resolver sérios problemas de desempenho que ocorrem sob várias condições. Estes problemas não se devem ao mau design de algorítimo, mas sim a fatores ambientais. Em qualquer comparação direta entre plataformas, estes problemas tornam-se mais aparentes quando os recursos do sistema começam a ficar estressados. Como descrevo o subsistema VM/Swap do FreeBSD, o leitor deve sempre manter dois pontos em mente:" ], "id_hash": -5877286600379949665, "content_hash": -5877286600379949665, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:80", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 10, "fuzzy": true, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 9, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 78, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615369/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615473, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?checksum=2e6faef9e5309d9f", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615473/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:40.612344Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "Any codebase that will survive and be maintainable for years must therefore be designed properly from the beginning even if it costs some performance. Twenty years ago people were still arguing that programming in assembly was better than programming in a high-level language because it produced code that was ten times as fast. Today, the fallibility of that argument is obvious - as are the parallels to algorithmic design and code generalization." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Qualquer base de código que sobreviva e seja sustentável por anos deve, portanto, ser projetada adequadamente desde o início, mesmo que isso custe algum desempenho. Vinte anos atrás, as pessoas ainda argumentavam que programar em assembly era melhor do que programar em uma linguagem de alto nível porque produzia um código que era dez vezes mais rápido. Hoje, a queda desse argumento é óbvia - assim como os paralelos com o design de algorítimo e a generalização de código." ], "id_hash": -1172663613538271878, "content_hash": -1172663613538271878, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:87", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 10, "fuzzy": true, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 12, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 72, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615371/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615474, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?checksum=6fb9dca812067d7a", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615474/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:40.650847Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "The best way to begin describing the FreeBSD VM system is to look at it from the perspective of a user-level process. Each user process sees a single, private, contiguous VM address space containing several types of memory objects. These objects have various characteristics. Program code and program data are effectively a single memory-mapped file (the binary file being run), but program code is read-only while program data is copy-on-write. Program BSS is just memory allocated and filled with zeros on demand, called demand zero page fill. Arbitrary files can be memory-mapped into the address space as well, which is how the shared library mechanism works. Such mappings can require modifications to remain private to the process making them. The fork system call adds an entirely new dimension to the VM management problem on top of the complexity already given." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "A melhor maneira de começar a descrever o sistema de VM do FreeBSD é examiná-lo da perspectiva de um processo em nível de usuário. Cada processo do usuário vê um espaço de endereço de VM único, privado e contíguo, contendo vários tipos de objetos de memória. Esses objetos possuem várias características. O código do programa e os dados do programa são efetivamente um único arquivo mapeado na memória (o arquivo binário sendo executado), mas o código do programa é read-only enquanto os dados do programa são copy-on-write. O programa BSS é apenas memória alocada e preenchida com zeros sob demanda, chamado de demanda de preenchimento de página com zero. Arquivos arbitrários também podem ser mapeados na memória dentro do espaço de endereçamento como bem entender, que é como o mecanismo de biblioteca compartilhada funciona. Esses mapeamentos podem exigir modificações para permanecerem privados para o processo que os produz. A chamada do sistema de fork adiciona uma dimensão totalmente nova ao problema de gerenciamento de VMs além da complexidade já fornecida." ], "id_hash": 8563897145619441028, "content_hash": 8563897145619441028, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:99", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 10, "fuzzy": true, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 14, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 140, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615373/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615475, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?checksum=f6d9131499a0e584", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615475/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:40.737205Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "A program binary data page (which is a basic copy-on-write page) illustrates the complexity. A program binary contains a preinitialized data section which is initially mapped directly from the program file. When a program is loaded into a process's VM space, this area is initially memory-mapped and backed by the program binary itself, allowing the VM system to free/reuse the page and later load it back in from the binary. The moment a process modifies this data, however, the VM system must make a private copy of the page for that process. Since the private copy has been modified, the VM system may no longer free it, because there is no longer any way to restore it later on." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Uma página de dados binários do programa (que é uma página básica de copy-on-write) ilustra a complexidade. Um programa binário contém uma seção de dados pré-inicializada que é inicialmente mapeada diretamente a partir do arquivo de programa. Quando um programa é carregado no espaço de VM de um processo, esta área é inicialmente mapeada na memória e suportada pelo próprio binário do programa, permitindo que o sistema de VM liberte/reutilize a página e depois carregue-a de volta a partir do binário. No entanto, no momento em que um processo modifica esses dados, o sistema de VM deve fazer uma cópia privada da página para esse processo. A partir do momento que a cópia privada tenha sido modificada, o sistema de VM pode não mais liberá-la, porque não há mais como restaurá-la depois." ], "id_hash": -1044570962678253903, "content_hash": -1044570962678253903, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:105", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 10, "fuzzy": true, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 15, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 119, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615375/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615476, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?checksum=7180f03e6adff6b1", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615476/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:40.746273Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "FreeBSD manages all of this with a layered VM Object model. The original binary program file winds up being the lowest VM Object layer. A copy-on-write layer is pushed on top of that to hold those pages which had to be copied from the original file. If the program modifies a data page belonging to the original file the VM system takes a fault and makes a copy of the page in the higher layer. When a process forks, additional VM Object layers are pushed on. This might make a little more sense with a fairly basic example. A `fork()` is a common operation for any *BSD system, so this example will consider a program that starts up, and forks. When the process starts, the VM system creates an object layer, let's call this A:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "O FreeBSD gerencia tudo isso com um modelo de objetos de VM em camadas. O arquivo de programa binário original acaba sendo a camada de objeto de VM mais baixa. Uma camada copy-on-write é colocada acima dela para conter as páginas que tiveram que ser copiadas do arquivo original. Se o programa modificar uma página de dados pertencente ao arquivo original, o sistema de VM assumirá que existe uma falha e fará uma cópia da página na camada superior. Quando existe um fork do processo, as camadas adicionais de objetos de VM são ativadas. Isso pode fazer um pouco mais de sentido com um exemplo bastante básico. Um <function>fork()</function> é uma operação comum para qualquer sistema *BSD, então este exemplo irá considerar um programa que inicia e é feito um fork. Quando o processo é iniciado, o sistema de VM cria uma camada de objeto, vamos chamar isso de A:" ], "id_hash": 3508589053702886792, "content_hash": 3508589053702886792, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:121", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 10, "fuzzy": true, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 17, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 135, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615379/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615478, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?checksum=b0b10327b0c8d588", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615478/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:40.785219Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "A represents the file-pages may be paged in and out of the file's physical media as necessary. Paging in from the disk is reasonable for a program, but we really do not want to page back out and overwrite the executable. The VM system therefore creates a second layer, B, that will be physically backed by swap space:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "A representa o arquivo - as páginas podem ser paginadas dentro e fora da mídia física do arquivo, conforme necessário. Paginar a partir do disco é razoável para um programa, mas nós realmente não queremos voltar atrás e sobrescrever o executável. O sistema de VM, portanto, cria uma segunda camada, B, que será fisicamente suportada pelo espaço de troca:" ], "id_hash": 669767678025411190, "content_hash": 669767678025411190, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:127", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 10, "fuzzy": true, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 20, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 58, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615381/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615479, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?checksum=894b7e2792be2a76", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615479/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:40.841602Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "On the first write to a page after this, a new page is created in B, and its contents are initialized from A. All pages in B can be paged in or out to a swap device. When the program forks, the VM system creates two new object layers-C1 for the parent, and C2 for the child-that rest on top of B:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Na primeira escrita em uma página depois disso, uma nova página é criada em B e seu conteúdo é inicializado a partir de A. Todas as páginas em B podem ser paginadas para dentro ou para fora por um dispositivo de troca. Quando é feito o fork do programa, o sistema de VM cria duas novas camadas de objetos - C1 para o processo pai e C2 para o filho - que ficam no topo de B:" ], "id_hash": -7044824120912214871, "content_hash": -7044824120912214871, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:133", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 10, "fuzzy": true, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 22, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 62, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615383/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615480, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?checksum=1e3bc1c97fec84a9", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615480/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:40.889822Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "In this case, let's say a page in B is modified by the original parent process. The process will take a copy-on-write fault and duplicate the page in C1, leaving the original page in B untouched. Now, let's say the same page in B is modified by the child process. The process will take a copy-on-write fault and duplicate the page in C2. The original page in B is now completely hidden since both C1 and C2 have a copy and B could theoretically be destroyed if it does not represent a \"real\" file; however, this sort of optimization is not trivial to make because it is so fine-grained. FreeBSD does not make this optimization. Now, suppose (as is often the case) that the child process does an `exec()`. Its current address space is usually replaced by a new address space representing a new file. In this case, the C2 layer is destroyed:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Neste caso, digamos que uma página em B seja modificada pelo processo pai original. O processo terá uma falha de copy-on-write e duplicará a página em C1, deixando a página original em B intocada. Agora, digamos que a mesma página em B seja modificada pelo processo filho. O processo assumirá uma falha de copy-on-write e duplicará a página em C2. A página original em B agora está completamente oculta, já que C1 e C2 têm uma cópia e B poderia, teoricamente, ser destruído se não representasse um arquivo <quote>real</quote>; no entanto, esse tipo de otimização não é trivial de se fazer, porque é muito refinado. O FreeBSD não faz essa otimização. Agora, suponha (como é frequentemente o caso) que o processo filho execute um <function>exec()</function>. Seu espaço de endereço atual é geralmente substituído por um novo espaço de endereço representando um novo arquivo. Nesse caso, a camada C2 é destruída:" ], "id_hash": -9136506890461498359, "content_hash": -9136506890461498359, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:145", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 10, "fuzzy": true, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 24, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 153, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615385/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615481, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?checksum=01349b63f2223409", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615481/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:40.921857Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "In this case, the number of children of B drops to one, and all accesses to B now go through C1. This means that B and C1 can be collapsed together. Any pages in B that also exist in C1 are deleted from B during the collapse. Thus, even though the optimization in the previous step could not be made, we can recover the dead pages when either of the processes exit or `exec()`." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Neste caso, o número de filhos de B cai para um, e todos os acessos para B passam agora por C1. Isso significa que B e C1 podem ser unidas. Todas as páginas em B que também existem em C1 são excluídas de B durante a união. Assim, mesmo que a otimização na etapa anterior não possa ser feita, podemos recuperar as páginas mortas quando um dos processos finalizar ou executar um <function>exec()</function>." ], "id_hash": -3676186659215458374, "content_hash": -3676186659215458374, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:152", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 10, "fuzzy": true, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 26, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 74, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615387/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615482, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?checksum=4cfb8fb5f16ebfba", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615482/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:40.941603Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "This model creates a number of potential problems. The first is that you can wind up with a relatively deep stack of layered VM Objects which can cost scanning time and memory when you take a fault. Deep layering can occur when processes fork and then fork again (either parent or child). The second problem is that you can wind up with dead, inaccessible pages deep in the stack of VM Objects. In our last example if both the parent and child processes modify the same page, they both get their own private copies of the page and the original page in B is no longer accessible by anyone. That page in B can be freed." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Este modelo cria vários problemas potenciais. O primeiro é que você pode acabar com uma pilha relativamente profunda de objetos de VM em camadas, que pode custar tempo de varredura e memória quando ocorrer uma falha. Camadas profundas podem ocorrer quando houver forks dos processos e, em seguida, houver um fork novamente (do processo pai ou filho). O segundo problema é que você pode acabar com páginas profundas inacessíveis e mortas no meio da pilha de objetos de VM. Em nosso último exemplo, se os processos pai e filho modificarem a mesma página, ambos receberão suas próprias cópias privadas da página e a página original em B não poderá mais ser acessada por ninguém. Essa página em B pode ser liberada." ], "id_hash": -3201579251021163267, "content_hash": -3201579251021163267, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:159", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 10, "fuzzy": true, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 27, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 116, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615389/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615483, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?checksum=5391b4a2469f54fd", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615483/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:40.947895Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "FreeBSD solves the deep layering problem with a special optimization called the \"All Shadowed Case\". This case occurs if either C1 or C2 take sufficient COW faults to completely shadow all pages in B. Lets say that C1 achieves this. C1 can now bypass B entirely, so rather then have C1->B->A and C2->B->A we now have C1->A and C2->B->A. But look what also happened-now B has only one reference (C2), so we can collapse B and C2 together. The end result is that B is deleted entirely and we have C1->A and C2->A. It is often the case that B will contain a large number of pages and neither C1 nor C2 will be able to completely overshadow it. If we fork again and create a set of D layers, however, it is much more likely that one of the D layers will eventually be able to completely overshadow the much smaller dataset represented by C1 or C2. The same optimization will work at any point in the graph and the grand result of this is that even on a heavily forked machine VM Object stacks tend to not get much deeper then 4. This is true of both the parent and the children and true whether the parent is doing the forking or whether the children cascade forks." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "O FreeBSD resolve o problema de camadas profundas com uma otimização especial chamada <quote>All Shadowed Case</quote>. Este caso ocorre se C1 ou C2 tiverem falhas de COW suficientes para fazer uma copia de sombra completa de todas as páginas em B. Digamos que C1 consiga isso. C1 agora pode ignorar B completamente, então, em vez de temos C1->B->A e C2->B->A temos agora C1->A e C2->B->A. Mas veja o que também aconteceu - agora B tem apenas uma referência (C2), então podemos unir B e C2. O resultado final é que B é deletado inteiramente e temos C1->A e C2->A. É comum que B contenha um grande número de páginas e nem C1 nem C2 possam ofuscar completamente. Se nós forçarmos novamente e criarmos um conjunto de camadas D, no entanto, é muito mais provável que uma das camadas D eventualmente seja capaz de ofuscar completamente o conjunto de dados muito menor representado por C1 ou C2. A mesma otimização funcionará em qualquer ponto do gráfico e o grande resultado disso é que, mesmo em uma máquina diversos forks, pilhas de objetos da VM tendem a não ficar muito mais profundas do que 4. Isso é verdade tanto para o processo pai quanto para os filhos e verdadeiro quer seja o processo pai fazendo o fork ou os processos filhos fazendo forks em cascata." ], "id_hash": 8401165672617129096, "content_hash": 8401165672617129096, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:170", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 10, "fuzzy": true, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 28, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 219, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615391/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615484, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?checksum=f496efaaff8cb488", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615484/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:40.955266Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "The dead page problem still exists in the case where C1 or C2 do not completely overshadow B. Due to our other optimizations this case does not represent much of a problem and we simply allow the pages to be dead. If the system runs low on memory it will swap them out, eating a little swap, but that is it." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "O problema da página morta ainda existe no caso em que C1 ou C2 não ofuscaram completamente as páginas de B. Devido as nossas outras otimizações, este caso não representa um grande problema e simplesmente permitimos que as páginas fiquem inativas. Se o sistema ficar com pouca memória, ele irá trocá-las, comendo uma pequena parte da swap, mas é isso." ], "id_hash": 5007560720226111764, "content_hash": 5007560720226111764, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:174", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 10, "fuzzy": true, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 29, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 61, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615393/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615485, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?checksum=c57e6df1a046d114", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615485/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:40.964856Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "The advantage to the VM Object model is that `fork()` is extremely fast, since no real data copying need take place. The disadvantage is that you can build a relatively complex VM Object layering that slows page fault handling down a little, and you spend memory managing the VM Object structures. The optimizations FreeBSD makes proves to reduce the problems enough that they can be ignored, leaving no real disadvantage." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "A vantagem do modelo de objetos de VM é que o <function>fork()</function> é extremamente rápido, já que não é necessária nenhuma cópia de dados real. A desvantagem é que você pode criar uma camada de Objetos de VM relativamente complexa que reduz um pouco o tratamento de falhas de página e gasta memória gerenciando as estruturas de Objetos de VM. As otimizações que o FreeBSD faz prova reduzir os problemas o suficiente para que as falhas possam ser ignoradas, não deixando nenhuma desvantagem real." ], "id_hash": -5357844410067895347, "content_hash": -5357844410067895347, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:178", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 10, "fuzzy": true, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 30, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 70, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615395/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615486, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?checksum=35a51ce568173bcd", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615486/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:40.970451Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "Private data pages are initially either copy-on-write or zero-fill pages. When a change, and therefore a copy, is made, the original backing object (usually a file) can no longer be used to save a copy of the page when the VM system needs to reuse it for other purposes. This is where SWAP comes in. SWAP is allocated to create backing store for memory that does not otherwise have it. FreeBSD allocates the swap management structure for a VM Object only when it is actually needed. However, the swap management structure has had problems historically:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "As páginas de dados privadas são inicialmente páginas copy-on-write ou zero-fill. Quando uma alteração e, portanto, uma cópia, é feita, o objeto de apoio original (geralmente um arquivo) não pode mais ser usado para salvar uma cópia da página quando o sistema da VM precisar reutilizá-lo para outras finalidades. É aí que o SWAP entra. O SWAP é alocado para criar um suporte de armazenamento para a memória que não o possui. O FreeBSD aloca a estrutura de gerenciamento de troca para um objeto de VM somente quando for realmente necessário. No entanto, historicamente, a estrutura de gerenciamento de troca teve problemas:" ], "id_hash": 1315532285212979335, "content_hash": 1315532285212979335, "location": "documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:188", "context": "", "note": "type: Plain text", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 10, "fuzzy": true, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 32, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 95, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615397/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 615487, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/documentation/articlesvm-design_index/pt_BR/?checksum=9241b5a4b6ad7087", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/615487/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-03-20T20:43:40.992070Z" } ] }