Units
Translation components API.
See the Weblate's Web API documentation for detailed description of the API.
GET /api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/units/?format=api&page=2
{ "count": 2721, "next": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/units/?format=api&page=3", "previous": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/units/?format=api", "results": [ { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "The Master Boot Record (<literal>boot0</literal>)" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "主引导记录 (<literal>boot0</literal>)" ], "id_hash": 2458287445212579303, "content_hash": 2458287445212579303, "location": "book.translate.xml:474", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/title", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 53, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 5, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102199/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33892, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=a21d976827b2c5e7", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33892/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.191848Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "<primary>MBR</primary>" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "<primary>MBR</primary>" ], "id_hash": 7019561388607941768, "content_hash": 7019561388607941768, "location": "book.translate.xml:476", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/indexterm", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 54, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 1, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102200/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33893, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=e16a7de447062c88", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33893/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.208832Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "After control is received from the <acronym>BIOS</acronym> at memory address <literal>0x7c00</literal>, <filename>boot0</filename> starts executing. It is the first piece of code under FreeBSD control. The task of <filename>boot0</filename> is quite simple: scan the partition table and let the user choose which partition to boot from. The Partition Table is a special, standard data structure embedded in the <acronym>MBR</acronym> (hence embedded in <filename>boot0</filename>) describing the four standard PC <quote>partitions</quote> <_:footnote-1/>. <filename>boot0</filename> resides in the filesystem as <filename>/boot/boot0</filename>. It is a small 512-byte file, and it is exactly what FreeBSD's installation procedure wrote to the hard disk's <acronym>MBR</acronym> if you chose the <quote>bootmanager</quote> option at installation time. Indeed, <filename>boot0</filename> <emphasis>is</emphasis> the <acronym>MBR</acronym>." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 8213560896618725629, "content_hash": 8213560896618725629, "location": "book.translate.xml:478", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 55, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 110, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102201/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33895, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=f1fc6e1e3fff80fd", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33895/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.219471Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "As mentioned previously, the <literal>INT 0x19</literal> instruction causes the <literal>INT 0x19</literal> handler to load an <acronym>MBR</acronym> (<filename>boot0</filename>) into memory at address <literal>0x7c00</literal>. The source file for <filename>boot0</filename> can be found in <filename>sys/boot/i386/boot0/boot0.S</filename> - which is an awesome piece of code written by Robert Nordier." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "如前所述， <literal>INT 0x19</literal> 指令装载 MBR， 也就是 <filename>boot0</filename> 的内容至内存地址 0x7c00。 再看文件 <filename>sys/boot/i386/boot0/boot0.S</filename>， 可以猜想这里面发生了什么 - 这是引导管理器， 一段由 Robert Nordier书写的令人起敬的程序片段。" ], "id_hash": -5714585613475630877, "content_hash": -5714585613475630877, "location": "book.translate.xml:498", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 56, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 44, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102202/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33896, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=30b1b6a9663a30e3", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33896/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.231110Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "A special structure starting from offset <literal>0x1be</literal> in the <acronym>MBR</acronym> is called the <emphasis>partition table</emphasis>. It has four records of 16 bytes each, called <emphasis>partition records</emphasis>, which represent how the hard disk is partitioned, or, in FreeBSD's terminology, sliced. One byte of those 16 says whether a partition (slice) is bootable or not. Exactly one record must have that flag set, otherwise <filename>boot0</filename>'s code will refuse to proceed." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "MBR里，也就是<filename>boot0</filename>里， 从偏移量0x1be开始有一个特殊的结构，称为 <emphasis>分区表</emphasis>。其中有4条记录 (称为<emphasis>分区记录</emphasis>)，每条记录16字节。 分区记录表示硬盘如何被划分，在FreeBSD的术语中， 这被称为slice(d)。16字节中有一个标志字节决定这个分区是否可引导。 有仅只能有一个分区可设定这一标志。否则， <filename>boot0</filename>的代码将拒绝继续执行。" ], "id_hash": -4218684509121656545, "content_hash": -4218684509121656545, "location": "book.translate.xml:506", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 57, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 68, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102203/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33898, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=457438ca5e5c491f", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33898/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.242508Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "A partition record has the following fields:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "一个分区记录有如下域：" ], "id_hash": -4929944069142665080, "content_hash": -4929944069142665080, "location": "book.translate.xml:516", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 58, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 7, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102204/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33900, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=3b9551fd34352888", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33900/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.254747Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "the 1-byte filesystem type" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "1字节 文件系统类型" ], "id_hash": 1662255690580357330, "content_hash": 1662255690580357330, "location": "book.translate.xml:520", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: listitem/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 59, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 4, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102205/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33901, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=971184be5ae9f0d2", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33901/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.264060Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "the 1-byte bootable flag" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "1字节 可引导标志" ], "id_hash": 2355672616426894088, "content_hash": 2355672616426894088, "location": "book.translate.xml:524", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: listitem/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 60, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 4, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102206/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33903, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=a0b107c3853d7308", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33903/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.282620Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "the 6 byte descriptor in CHS format" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "6字节 CHS格式描述符" ], "id_hash": -2270730358854515558, "content_hash": -2270730358854515558, "location": "book.translate.xml:528", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: listitem/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 61, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 7, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102207/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33905, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=607cbec4fbc8049a", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33905/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.290160Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "the 8 byte descriptor in LBA format" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "8字节 LBA格式描述符" ], "id_hash": -6061930922360684041, "content_hash": -6061930922360684041, "location": "book.translate.xml:532", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: listitem/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 62, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 7, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102208/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33906, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=2bdfb1f18fbc41f7", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33906/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.307299Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "A partition record descriptor contains information about where exactly the partition resides on the drive. Both descriptors, <acronym>LBA</acronym> and <acronym>CHS</acronym>, describe the same information, but in different ways: <acronym>LBA</acronym> (Logical Block Addressing) has the starting sector for the partition and the partition's length, while <acronym>CHS</acronym> (Cylinder Head Sector) has coordinates for the first and last sectors of the partition. The partition table ends with the special signature <literal>0xaa55</literal>." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "一个分区记录描述符包含某一分区在硬盘上的确切位置信息。 LBA和CHS两种描述符指示相同的信息，但是指示方式有所不同：LBA (逻辑块寻址，Logical Block Addressing)指示分区的起始扇区和分区长度， 而CHS(柱面 磁头 扇区)指示首扇区和末扇区。" ], "id_hash": 4220169355618565286, "content_hash": 4220169355618565286, "location": "book.translate.xml:536", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 63, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 68, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102209/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33908, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=ba910dab65a23ca6", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33908/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.327489Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "The <acronym>MBR</acronym> must fit into 512 bytes, a single disk sector. This program uses low-level <quote>tricks</quote> like taking advantage of the side effects of certain instructions and reusing register values from previous operations to make the most out of the fewest possible instructions. Care must also be taken when handling the partition table, which is embedded in the <acronym>MBR</acronym> itself. For these reasons, be very careful when modifying <filename>boot0.S</filename>." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -1582548226824034534, "content_hash": -1582548226824034534, "location": "book.translate.xml:547", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 64, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 69, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102210/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33909, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=6a09a8c5bc3aa71a", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33909/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.344817Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "Note that the <filename>boot0.S</filename> source file is assembled <quote>as is</quote>: instructions are translated one by one to binary, with no additional information (no <acronym>ELF</acronym> file format, for example). This kind of low-level control is achieved at link time through special control flags passed to the linker. For example, the text section of the program is set to be located at address <literal>0x600</literal>. In practice this means that <filename>boot0</filename> must be loaded to memory address <literal>0x600</literal> in order to function properly." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -3187112332198192885, "content_hash": -3187112332198192885, "location": "book.translate.xml:557", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 65, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 80, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102211/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33910, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=53c51a384c0f590b", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33910/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.354470Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "It is worth looking at the <filename>Makefile</filename> for <filename>boot0</filename> (<filename>sys/boot/i386/boot0/Makefile</filename>), as it defines some of the run-time behavior of <filename>boot0</filename>. For instance, if a terminal connected to the serial port (COM1) is used for I/O, the macro <literal>SIO</literal> must be defined (<literal>-DSIO</literal>). <literal>-DPXE</literal> enables boot through <acronym>PXE</acronym> by pressing <keycap>F6</keycap>. Additionally, the program defines a set of <emphasis>flags</emphasis> that allow further modification of its behavior. All of this is illustrated in the <filename>Makefile</filename>. For example, look at the linker directives which command the linker to start the text section at address <literal>0x600</literal>, and to build the output file <quote>as is</quote> (strip out any file formatting):" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -7598527925815612649, "content_hash": -7598527925815612649, "location": "book.translate.xml:568", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 66, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 105, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102212/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33912, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=168c9b1c35dfeb17", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33912/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.368265Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "<filename>sys/boot/i386/boot0/Makefile</filename>" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "<filename>sys/boot/i386/boot0/Makefile</filename>" ], "id_hash": 1518968041108211098, "content_hash": 1518968041108211098, "location": "book.translate.xml:587", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: figure/title", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 67, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 1, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102213/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33913, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=95147562b36d059a", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33913/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.383135Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ " BOOT_BOOT0_ORG?=0x600\n LDFLAGS=-e start -Ttext ${BOOT_BOOT0_ORG} \\\n -Wl,-N,-S,--oformat,binary" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ " BOOT_BOOT0_ORG?=0x600\n LDFLAGS=-e start -Ttext ${BOOT_BOOT0_ORG} \\\n -Wl,-N,-S,--oformat,binary" ], "id_hash": -3402012500802175784, "content_hash": -3402012500802175784, "location": "book.translate.xml:589", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: figure/programlisting", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 68, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 7, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102214/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33914, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=50c99fa7b83f7cd8", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33914/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.395581Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "Let us now start our study of the <acronym>MBR</acronym>, or <filename>boot0</filename>, starting where execution begins." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 8109463877514052800, "content_hash": 8109463877514052800, "location": "book.translate.xml:594", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 69, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 15, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102215/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33916, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=f08a9a6e4a1644c0", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33916/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.404999Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "Some modifications have been made to some instructions in favor of better exposition. For example, some macros are expanded, and some macro tests are omitted when the result of the test is known. This applies to all of the code examples shown." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 8322293036825556895, "content_hash": 8322293036825556895, "location": "book.translate.xml:599", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: note/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 70, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 42, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102216/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33917, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=f37eb96c70b1b79f", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33917/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.421291Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "<filename>sys/boot/i386/boot0/boot0.S</filename>" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "<filename>sys/boot/i386/boot0/boot0.S</filename>" ], "id_hash": 6895437320757638858, "content_hash": 6895437320757638858, "location": "book.translate.xml:607, book.translate.xml:635, book.translate.xml:702, book.translate.xml:732, book.translate.xml:760, book.translate.xml:804, book.translate.xml:823, book.translate.xml:841, book.translate.xml:911", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: figure/title", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 71, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 1, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102217/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33918, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=dfb183b5aabaf6ca", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33918/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.434664Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "start:\n cld\t\t\t# String ops inc\n xorw %ax,%ax\t\t# Zero\n movw %ax,%es\t\t# Address\n movw %ax,%ds\t\t# data\n movw %ax,%ss\t\t# Set up\n movw 0x7c00,%sp\t\t# stack" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "start:\n cld\t\t\t# String ops inc\n xorw %ax,%ax\t\t# Zero\n movw %ax,%es\t\t# Address\n movw %ax,%ds\t\t# data\n movw %ax,%ss\t\t# Set up\n movw 0x7c00,%sp\t\t# stack" ], "id_hash": 9168117939517014668, "content_hash": 9168117939517014668, "location": "book.translate.xml:609", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: figure/programlisting", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 72, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 27, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102218/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33919, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=ff3bb2b0f3cc428c", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33919/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.447267Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "When in doubt, we refer the reader to the official Intel manuals, which describe the exact semantics for each instruction: <link xlink:href=\"http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/processors/architectures-software-developer-manuals.html\"/>." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -985214575614616374, "content_hash": -985214575614616374, "location": "book.translate.xml:623", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: footnote/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 73, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 22, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102219/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33920, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=7253d09038f41cca", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33920/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.462313Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "This first block of code is the entry point of the program. It is where the <acronym>BIOS</acronym> transfers control. First, it makes sure that the string operations autoincrement its pointer operands (the <literal>cld</literal> instruction) <_:footnote-1/>. Then, as it makes no assumption about the state of the segment registers, it initializes them. Finally, it sets the stack pointer register (<literal>%sp</literal>) to address <literal>0x7c00</literal>, so we have a working stack." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 2274723190316147221, "content_hash": 2274723190316147221, "location": "book.translate.xml:618", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 74, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 68, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102220/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33921, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=9f9170b089232215", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33921/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.474759Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "The next block is responsible for the relocation and subsequent jump to the relocated code." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 1351534944240006511, "content_hash": 1351534944240006511, "location": "book.translate.xml:631", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 75, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 15, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102221/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33923, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=92c19ddefcf3f56f", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33923/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.482289Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ " movw $0x7c00,%si\t# Source\n movw $0x600,%di\t\t# Destination\n movw $512,%cx\t\t# Word count\n rep\t\t\t# Relocate\n movsb\t\t\t# code\n movw %di,%bp\t\t# Address variables\n movb $16,%cl\t\t# Words to clear\n rep\t\t\t# Zero\n stosb\t\t\t# them\n incb -0xe(%di)\t\t# Set the S field to 1\n jmp main-0x7c00+0x600\t# Jump to relocated code" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ " movw $0x7c00,%si\t# Source\n movw $0x600,%di\t\t# Destination\n movw $512,%cx\t\t# Word count\n rep\t\t\t# Relocate\n movsb\t\t\t# code\n movw %di,%bp\t\t# Address variables\n movb $16,%cl\t\t# Words to clear\n rep\t\t\t# Zero\n stosb\t\t\t# them\n incb -0xe(%di)\t\t# Set the S field to 1\n jmp main-0x7c00+0x600\t# Jump to relocated code" ], "id_hash": -5180542080437456328, "content_hash": -5180542080437456328, "location": "book.translate.xml:637", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: figure/programlisting", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 76, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 52, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102222/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33924, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=381b046cef8ff238", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33924/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.497004Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "Next, the destination register <literal>%di</literal> is copied to <literal>%bp</literal>. <literal>%bp</literal> gets the value <literal>0x800</literal>. The value <literal>16</literal> is copied to <literal>%cl</literal> in preparation for a new string operation (like our previous <literal>movsb</literal>). Now, <literal>stosb</literal> is executed 16 times. This instruction copies a <literal>0</literal> value to the address pointed to by the destination register (<literal>%di</literal>, which is <literal>0x800</literal>), and increments it. This is repeated another 15 times, so <literal>%di</literal> ends up with value <literal>0x810</literal>. Effectively, this clears the address range <literal>0x800</literal>-<literal>0x80f</literal>. This range is used as a (fake) partition table for writing the <acronym>MBR</acronym> back to disk. Finally, the sector field for the <acronym>CHS</acronym> addressing of this fake partition is given the value 1 and a jump is made to the main function from the relocated code. Note that until this jump to the relocated code, any reference to an absolute address was avoided." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -6405183685629454005, "content_hash": -6405183685629454005, "location": "book.translate.xml:676", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 78, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 143, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102224/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33926, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=271c375fc0edd94b", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33926/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.519722Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "The following code block tests whether the drive number provided by the <acronym>BIOS</acronym> should be used, or the one stored in <filename>boot0</filename>." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -4880523381488505141, "content_hash": -4880523381488505141, "location": "book.translate.xml:697", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 79, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 22, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102225/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33928, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=3c44e5d7b863aecb", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33928/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.528074Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "main:\n testb $SETDRV,-69(%bp)\t# Set drive number?\n jnz disable_update\t# Yes\n testb %dl,%dl\t\t# Drive number valid?\n js save_curdrive\t\t# Possibly (0x80 set)" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "main:\n testb $SETDRV,-69(%bp)\t# Set drive number?\n jnz disable_update\t# Yes\n testb %dl,%dl\t\t# Drive number valid?\n js save_curdrive\t\t# Possibly (0x80 set)" ], "id_hash": 371039501771566342, "content_hash": 371039501771566342, "location": "book.translate.xml:704", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: figure/programlisting", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 80, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 23, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102226/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33929, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=8526327604bb6d06", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33929/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.534743Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "This code tests the <literal>SETDRV</literal> bit (<literal>0x20</literal>) in the <emphasis>flags</emphasis> variable. Recall that register <literal>%bp</literal> points to address location <literal>0x800</literal>, so the test is done to the <emphasis>flags</emphasis> variable at address <literal>0x800</literal>-<literal>69</literal>= <literal>0x7bb</literal>. This is an example of the type of modifications that can be done to <filename>boot0</filename>. The <literal>SETDRV</literal> flag is not set by default, but it can be set in the <filename>Makefile</filename>. When set, the drive number stored in the <acronym>MBR</acronym> is used instead of the one provided by the <acronym>BIOS</acronym>. We assume the defaults, and that the <acronym>BIOS</acronym> provided a valid drive number, so we jump to <literal>save_curdrive</literal>." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -3947588922251756319, "content_hash": -3947588922251756319, "location": "book.translate.xml:711", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 81, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 101, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102227/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33931, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=493758ca59eabce1", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33931/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.543063Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "The next block saves the drive number provided by the <acronym>BIOS</acronym>, and calls <literal>putn</literal> to print a new line on the screen." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -2426768490296390421, "content_hash": -2426768490296390421, "location": "book.translate.xml:727", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 82, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 22, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102228/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33932, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=5e5262ea67c5cceb", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33932/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.553621Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "save_curdrive:\n movb %dl, (%bp)\t\t# Save drive number\n pushw %dx\t\t\t# Also in the stack\n#ifdef\tTEST\t/* test code, print internal bios drive */\n rolb $1, %dl\n movw $drive, %si\n call putkey\n#endif\n callw putn\t\t# Print a newline" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "save_curdrive:\n movb %dl, (%bp)\t\t# Save drive number\n pushw %dx\t\t\t# Also in the stack\n#ifdef\tTEST\t/* test code, print internal bios drive */\n rolb $1, %dl\n movw $drive, %si\n call putkey\n#endif\n callw putn\t\t# Print a newline" ], "id_hash": 3009286231114505257, "content_hash": 3009286231114505257, "location": "book.translate.xml:734", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: figure/programlisting", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 83, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 40, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102229/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33933, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=a9c321e2210ddc29", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33933/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.561640Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "Note that we assume <varname>TEST</varname> is not defined, so the conditional code in it is not assembled and will not appear in our executable <filename>boot0</filename>." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 1159423048538759025, "content_hash": 1159423048538759025, "location": "book.translate.xml:745", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 84, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 25, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102230/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33935, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=9017191ea88d9f71", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33935/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.569038Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "Our next block implements the actual scanning of the partition table. It prints to the screen the partition type for each of the four entries in the partition table. It compares each type with a list of well-known operating system file systems. Examples of recognized partition types are <acronym>NTFS</acronym> (<trademark class=\"registered\">Windows</trademark>, ID 0x7), <literal>ext2fs</literal> (<trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark>, ID 0x83), and, of course, <literal>ffs</literal>/<literal>ufs2</literal> (FreeBSD, ID 0xa5). The implementation is fairly simple." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 8839611051113177313, "content_hash": 8839611051113177313, "location": "book.translate.xml:749", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 85, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 70, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102231/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33936, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=faac9b6aae37e0e1", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33936/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.581453Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ " movw $(partbl+0x4),%bx\t# Partition table (+4)\n xorw %dx,%dx\t\t# Item number\n\nread_entry:\n movb %ch,-0x4(%bx)\t# Zero active flag (ch == 0)\n btw %dx,_FLAGS(%bp)\t# Entry enabled?\n jnc next_entry\t\t# No\n movb (%bx),%al\t\t# Load type\n test %al, %al\t\t# skip empty partition\n jz next_entry\n movw $bootable_ids,%di\t# Lookup tables\n movb $(TLEN+1),%cl\t# Number of entries\n repne\t\t\t# Locate\n scasb\t\t\t# type\n addw $(TLEN-1), %di\t# Adjust\n movb (%di),%cl\t\t# Partition\n addw %cx,%di\t\t# description\n callw putx\t\t# Display it\n\nnext_entry:\n incw %dx\t\t\t# Next item\n addb $0x10,%bl\t\t# Next entry\n jnc read_entry\t\t# Till done" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ " movw $(partbl+0x4),%bx\t# Partition table (+4)\n xorw %dx,%dx\t\t# Item number\n\nread_entry:\n movb %ch,-0x4(%bx)\t# Zero active flag (ch == 0)\n btw %dx,_FLAGS(%bp)\t# Entry enabled?\n jnc next_entry\t\t# No\n movb (%bx),%al\t\t# Load type\n test %al, %al\t\t# skip empty partition\n jz next_entry\n movw $bootable_ids,%di\t# Lookup tables\n movb $(TLEN+1),%cl\t# Number of entries\n repne\t\t\t# Locate\n scasb\t\t\t# type\n addw $(TLEN-1), %di\t# Adjust\n movb (%di),%cl\t\t# Partition\n addw %cx,%di\t\t# description\n callw putx\t\t# Display it\n\nnext_entry:\n incw %dx\t\t\t# Next item\n addb $0x10,%bl\t\t# Next entry\n jnc read_entry\t\t# Till done" ], "id_hash": -4855524440318198944, "content_hash": -4855524440318198944, "location": "book.translate.xml:762", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: figure/programlisting", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 86, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 95, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102232/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33937, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=3c9db63f489b3b60", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33937/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.594408Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "It is important to note that the active flag for each entry is cleared, so after the scanning, <emphasis>no</emphasis> partition entry is active in our memory copy of <filename>boot0</filename>. Later, the active flag will be set for the selected partition. This ensures that only one active partition exists if the user chooses to write the changes back to disk." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -4673316911078951808, "content_hash": -4673316911078951808, "location": "book.translate.xml:787", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 87, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 59, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102233/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33938, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=3f250b0798503480", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33938/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.604390Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "The next block tests for other drives. At startup, the <acronym>BIOS</acronym> writes the number of drives present in the computer to address <literal>0x475</literal>. If there are any other drives present, <filename>boot0</filename> prints the current drive to screen. The user may command <filename>boot0</filename> to scan partitions on another drive later." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -8448227327993935266, "content_hash": -8448227327993935266, "location": "book.translate.xml:795", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 88, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 49, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102234/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33939, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=0ac1de017d2c8a5e", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33939/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.613297Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ " popw %ax\t\t\t# Drive number\n subb $0x79,%al\t\t# Does next\n cmpb 0x475,%al\t\t# drive exist? (from BIOS?)\n jb print_drive\t\t# Yes\n decw %ax\t\t\t# Already drive 0?\n jz print_prompt\t\t# Yes" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ " popw %ax\t\t\t# Drive number\n subb $0x79,%al\t\t# Does next\n cmpb 0x475,%al\t\t# drive exist? (from BIOS?)\n jb print_drive\t\t# Yes\n decw %ax\t\t\t# Already drive 0?\n jz print_prompt\t\t# Yes" ], "id_hash": -4391435485711746647, "content_hash": -4391435485711746647, "location": "book.translate.xml:806", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: figure/programlisting", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 89, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 31, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102235/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33940, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=430e7cb14c1b39a9", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33940/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.624364Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "We make the assumption that a single drive is present, so the jump to <literal>print_drive</literal> is not performed. We also assume nothing strange happened, so we jump to <literal>print_prompt</literal>." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -1267405124877659062, "content_hash": -1267405124877659062, "location": "book.translate.xml:814", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 90, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 29, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102236/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33941, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=6e6945c10128544a", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33941/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.633340Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "This next block just prints out a prompt followed by the default option:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -1841258796763925937, "content_hash": -1841258796763925937, "location": "book.translate.xml:819", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 91, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 13, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102237/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33943, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=667288e13752b24f", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33943/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.655962Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "print_prompt:\n movw $prompt,%si\t\t# Display\n callw putstr\t\t# prompt\n movb _OPT(%bp),%dl\t# Display\n decw %si\t\t\t# default\n callw putkey\t\t# key\n jmp start_input\t\t# Skip beep" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "print_prompt:\n movw $prompt,%si\t\t# Display\n callw putstr\t\t# prompt\n movb _OPT(%bp),%dl\t# Display\n decw %si\t\t\t# default\n callw putkey\t\t# key\n jmp start_input\t\t# Skip beep" ], "id_hash": -6883782339854763270, "content_hash": -6883782339854763270, "location": "book.translate.xml:825", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: figure/programlisting", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 92, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 26, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102238/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33944, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=2077e46f09d97afa", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33944/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.663383Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "Finally, a jump is performed to <literal>start_input</literal>, where the <acronym>BIOS</acronym> services are used to start a timer and for reading user input from the keyboard; if the timer expires, the default option will be selected:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -4730854784999739111, "content_hash": -4730854784999739111, "location": "book.translate.xml:834", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 93, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 35, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102239/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33946, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=3e58a0a360223119", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33946/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.672168Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "start_input:\n xorb %ah,%ah\t\t# BIOS: Get\n int $0x1a\t\t\t# system time\n movw %dx,%di\t\t# Ticks when\n addw _TICKS(%bp),%di\t# timeout\nread_key:\n movb $0x1,%ah\t\t# BIOS: Check\n int $0x16\t\t\t# for keypress\n jnz got_key\t\t# Have input\n xorb %ah,%ah\t\t# BIOS: int 0x1a, 00\n int $0x1a\t\t\t# get system time\n cmpw %di,%dx\t\t# Timeout?\n jb read_key\t\t# No" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "start_input:\n xorb %ah,%ah\t\t# BIOS: Get\n int $0x1a\t\t\t# system time\n movw %dx,%di\t\t# Ticks when\n addw _TICKS(%bp),%di\t# timeout\nread_key:\n movb $0x1,%ah\t\t# BIOS: Check\n int $0x16\t\t\t# for keypress\n jnz got_key\t\t# Have input\n xorb %ah,%ah\t\t# BIOS: int 0x1a, 00\n int $0x1a\t\t\t# get system time\n cmpw %di,%dx\t\t# Timeout?\n jb read_key\t\t# No" ], "id_hash": 4132155707285912073, "content_hash": 4132155707285912073, "location": "book.translate.xml:843", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: figure/programlisting", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 94, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 57, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102240/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33948, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=b9585db901613a09", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33948/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.683671Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "Whether a key was pressed or the time expired, subsequent code validates the selection. Based on the selection, the register <literal>%si</literal> is set to point to the appropriate partition entry in the partition table. This new selection overrides the previous default one. Indeed, it becomes the new default. Finally, the ACTIVE flag of the selected partition is set. If it was enabled at compile time, the in-memory version of <filename>boot0</filename> with these modified values is written back to the <acronym>MBR</acronym> on disk. We leave the details of this implementation to the reader." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 6143089946623077484, "content_hash": 6143089946623077484, "location": "book.translate.xml:895", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 96, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 92, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102242/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33950, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=d540a3c24bbdec6c", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33950/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.708726Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "We now end our study with the last code block from the <filename>boot0</filename> program:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 2749386174022508190, "content_hash": 2749386174022508190, "location": "book.translate.xml:907", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 97, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 14, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102243/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33951, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=a627c8288cfb5e9e", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33951/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.720082Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ " movw $0x7c00,%bx\t\t# Address for read\n movb $0x2,%ah\t\t# Read sector\n callw intx13\t\t# from disk\n jc beep\t\t\t# If error\n cmpw $0xaa55,0x1fe(%bx)\t# Bootable?\n jne beep\t\t\t# No\n pushw %si\t\t\t# Save ptr to selected part.\n callw putn\t\t# Leave some space\n popw %si\t\t\t# Restore, next stage uses it\n jmp *%bx\t\t\t# Invoke bootstrap" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ " movw $0x7c00,%bx\t\t# Address for read\n movb $0x2,%ah\t\t# Read sector\n callw intx13\t\t# from disk\n jc beep\t\t\t# If error\n cmpw $0xaa55,0x1fe(%bx)\t# Bootable?\n jne beep\t\t\t# No\n pushw %si\t\t\t# Save ptr to selected part.\n callw putn\t\t# Leave some space\n popw %si\t\t\t# Restore, next stage uses it\n jmp *%bx\t\t\t# Invoke bootstrap" ], "id_hash": -3176282905936987635, "content_hash": -3176282905936987635, "location": "book.translate.xml:913", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: figure/programlisting", "flags": "no-wrap", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 98, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 56, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102244/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33952, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=53eb9386957afa0d", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33952/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.731659Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "Recall that <literal>%si</literal> points to the selected partition entry. This entry tells us where the partition begins on disk. We assume, of course, that the partition selected is actually a FreeBSD slice." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 4210552061304236609, "content_hash": 4210552061304236609, "location": "book.translate.xml:925", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 99, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 32, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102245/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33953, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=ba6ee2ca9253ea41", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33953/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.744068Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "From now on, we will favor the use of the technically more accurate term <quote>slice</quote> rather than <quote>partition</quote>." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 7832870464911892242, "content_hash": 7832870464911892242, "location": "book.translate.xml:931", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: note/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 100, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 18, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102246/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33955, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=ecb3f23000b8df12", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33955/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.753894Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "The transfer buffer is set to <literal>0x7c00</literal> (register <literal>%bx</literal>), and a read for the first sector of the FreeBSD slice is requested by calling <literal>intx13</literal>. We assume that everything went okay, so a jump to <literal>beep</literal> is not performed. In particular, the new sector read must end with the magic sequence <literal>0xaa55</literal>. Finally, the value at <literal>%si</literal> (the pointer to the selected partition table) is preserved for use by the next stage, and a jump is performed to address <literal>0x7c00</literal>, where execution of our next stage (the just-read block) is started." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 2920959513835372191, "content_hash": 2920959513835372191, "location": "book.translate.xml:936", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 101, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 91, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102247/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33956, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=a8895533b1747e9f", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33956/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.767686Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "<literal>boot1</literal> Stage" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "<literal>boot1</literal> 阶段" ], "id_hash": 110231236179529351, "content_hash": 110231236179529351, "location": "book.translate.xml:950", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/title", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 102, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 2, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102248/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33958, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=81879eb9aba20e87", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33958/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.781239Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "So far we have gone through the following sequence:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 8398050994771347565, "content_hash": 8398050994771347565, "location": "book.translate.xml:952", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 103, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 9, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102249/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33959, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=f48bdee28cf6486d", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33959/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.796607Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?format=api", "source": [ "The <acronym>BIOS</acronym> did some early hardware initialization, including the <acronym>POST</acronym>. The <acronym>MBR</acronym> (<filename>boot0</filename>) was loaded from absolute disk sector one to address <literal>0x7c00</literal>. Execution control was passed to that location." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": 370855164581522016, "content_hash": 370855164581522016, "location": "book.translate.xml:956", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: listitem/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 104, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 30, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/102250/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 33960, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/boooks_arch-handbook/zh_CN/?checksum=85258aceac002a60", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/33960/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:42.812352Z" } ] }