Unit Instance

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        "First, a call is made to <literal>setpic</literal> to program the 8259A <acronym>PIC</acronym> (Programmable Interrupt Controller). This chip is connected to multiple hardware interrupt sources. Upon receiving an interrupt from a device, it signals the processor with the appropriate interrupt vector. This can be customized so that specific interrupts are associated with specific interrupt vectors, as explained before. Next, the <acronym>IDTR</acronym> (Interrupt Descriptor Table Register) and <acronym>GDTR</acronym> (Global Descriptor Table Register) are loaded with the instructions <literal>lidt</literal> and <literal>lgdt</literal>, respectively. These registers are loaded with the base address and limit address for the <acronym>IDT</acronym> and <acronym>GDT</acronym>. The following three instructions set the Protection Enable (PE) bit of the <literal>%cr0</literal> register. This effectively switches the processor to 32-bit protected mode. Next, a long jump is made to <literal>init.8</literal> using segment selector SEL_SCODE, which selects the Supervisor Code Segment. The processor is effectively executing in CPL 0, the most privileged level, after this jump. Finally, the Supervisor Data Segment is selected for the stack by assigning the segment selector SEL_SDATA to the <literal>%ss</literal> register. This data segment also has a privilege level of <literal>0</literal>."
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    "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/para",
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    "id": 34095,
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    "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:21:43.997534Z"
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