Units
Translation components API.
See the Weblate's Web API documentation for detailed description of the API.
GET /api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/units/?format=api&page=8
{ "count": 384, "next": null, "previous": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/units/?format=api&page=7", "results": [ { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "The other possible goal is to share our code with NetBSD and DragonflyBSD. NetBSD has some support for 2.6 emulation but its far from finished and not really tested. DragonflyBSD has expressed some interest in porting the 2.6 improvements." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "O outro objetivo possível é compartilhar nosso código com o NetBSD e o DragonflyBSD. O NetBSD tem algum suporte para emulação 2.6, mas está longe de ser concluído e não foi realmente testado. O DragonflyBSD manifestou algum interesse em portar as melhorias do 2.6." ], "id_hash": -1991435282088369090, "content_hash": -1991435282088369090, "location": "article.translate.xml:2488", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect2/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 367, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 39, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/99762/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 27016, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?checksum=645d002979f1643e", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/27016/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:10:42.189028Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "Generally, as <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> develops we would like to keep up with their development, implementing newly added syscalls. Splice comes to mind first. Some already implemented syscalls are also heavily crippled, for example <function>mremap</function> and others. Some performance improvements can also be made, finer grained locking and others." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Geralmente, como o <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> se desenvolve, gostaríamos de acompanhar seu desenvolvimento, implementando a syscalls recém-adicionado. Splice vem em mente primeiro. Algumas syscalls já implementadas também são altamente danificadas, por exemplo <function>mremap</function> e outras. Alguns aprimoramentos de desempenho também podem ser feitos, um lock mais refinado e outros." ], "id_hash": -7907797100486367201, "content_hash": -7907797100486367201, "location": "article.translate.xml:2494", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect2/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 368, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 48, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/99763/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 27017, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?checksum=1241dc6f35a5681f", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/27017/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:10:42.199634Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "Team" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Equipe" ], "id_hash": 6029147700739703130, "content_hash": 6029147700739703130, "location": "article.translate.xml:2504", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect2/title", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 369, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 1, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/99764/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 27018, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?checksum=d3abd5e3d8f4015a", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/27018/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:10:42.206563Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "I cooperated on this project with (in alphabetical order):" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Eu colaborei neste projeto com (em ordem alfabética):" ], "id_hash": -3419698842384574517, "content_hash": -3419698842384574517, "location": "article.translate.xml:2506", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect2/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 370, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 9, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/99765/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 27019, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?checksum=508aca056cda57cb", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/27019/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:10:42.218626Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "John Baldwin <email>jhb@FreeBSD.org</email>" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "John Baldwin <email>jhb@FreeBSD.org</email>" ], "id_hash": 7289691257666997114, "content_hash": 7289691257666997114, "location": "article.translate.xml:2511", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: listitem/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 371, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 3, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/99766/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 27020, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?checksum=e52a2f938f830b7a", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/27020/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:10:42.229108Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "Konstantin Belousov <email>kib@FreeBSD.org</email>" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Konstantin Belousov <email>kib@FreeBSD.org</email>" ], "id_hash": 7879725352630538415, "content_hash": 7879725352630538415, "location": "article.translate.xml:2514", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: listitem/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 372, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 3, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/99767/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 27021, "web_url": 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"https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?checksum=30dbe5b19a852b6e", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/27022/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:10:42.260786Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "Scot Hetzel" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Scot Hetzel" ], "id_hash": -5697318032288310568, "content_hash": -5697318032288310568, "location": "article.translate.xml:2520", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: listitem/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 374, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 2, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/99769/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 27023, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?checksum=30ef0f6f71071ad8", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/27023/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:10:42.268432Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "Jung-uk Kim <email>jkim@FreeBSD.org</email>" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Jung-uk Kim <email>jkim@FreeBSD.org</email>" ], "id_hash": 7776649536946762751, "content_hash": 7776649536946762751, "location": "article.translate.xml:2523", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: listitem/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 375, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 3, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/92660/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 27024, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?checksum=ebec358d286af3ff", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/27024/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:10:42.284856Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "Alexander Leidinger <email>netchild@FreeBSD.org</email>" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Alexander Leidinger <email>netchild@FreeBSD.org</email>" ], "id_hash": -3270767660179108347, "content_hash": -3270767660179108347, "location": "article.translate.xml:2526", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: listitem/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 376, "has_suggestion": false, 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"translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 377, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 3, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/99770/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 27026, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?checksum=23017ea0adfbcb9d", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/27026/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:10:42.310783Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "Li Xiao" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Li Xiao" ], "id_hash": 1472523759977861085, "content_hash": 1472523759977861085, "location": "article.translate.xml:2532", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: listitem/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 378, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 2, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/99771/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 27027, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?checksum=946f748ed4cd8fdd", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/27027/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:10:42.317141Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "David Xu <email>davidxu@FreeBSD.org</email>" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "David Xu <email>davidxu@FreeBSD.org</email>" ], "id_hash": -811384674237455933, "content_hash": -811384674237455933, "location": "article.translate.xml:2535", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: listitem/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 379, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 3, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/99772/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 27028, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?checksum=74bd61f00be161c3", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/27028/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:10:42.324689Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "I would like to thank all those people for their advice, code reviews and general support." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Gostaria de agradecer a todas as pessoas por seus conselhos, revisões de código e apoio geral." ], "id_hash": 6105629533442303045, 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"content_hash": -8352359870499648768, "location": "article.translate.xml:2545", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect1/title", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 381, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 1, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/99774/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 27030, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?checksum=0c1674f352a40b00", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/27030/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:10:42.341415Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "Marshall Kirk McKusick - George V. Nevile-Neil. Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD operating system. Addison-Wesley, 2005." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Marshall Kirk McKusick - George V. Nevile-Neil. Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD operating system. Addison-Wesley, 2005." ], "id_hash": -4541284509752953622, "content_hash": -4541284509752953622, "location": "article.translate.xml:2549", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: listitem/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 382, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 17, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/99775/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 27031, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?checksum=40fa1dcc9430f4ea", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/27031/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:10:42.355878Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "<uri xlink:href=\"https://tldp.org\">https://tldp.org</uri>" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "<uri xlink:href=\"https://tldp.org\">https://tldp.org</uri>" ], "id_hash": -4316275689989314937, "content_hash": -4316275689989314937, "location": "article.translate.xml:2554", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: listitem/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 383, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 2, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/99776/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 27032, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?checksum=44198220e9886687", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/27032/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:10:42.363880Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "<uri xlink:href=\"https://www.kernel.org\">https://www.kernel.org</uri>" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "<uri xlink:href=\"https://www.kernel.org\">https://www.kernel.org</uri>" ], "id_hash": -1572520075519227031, "content_hash": -1572520075519227031, "location": "article.translate.xml:2557", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: listitem/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 384, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 2, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/99777/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 27033, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?checksum=6a2d4952a8818b69", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/27033/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-20T12:10:42.372231Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "Common <trademark class=\"registered\">UNIX</trademark> API defines a syscall as a way to issue commands from a user space process to the kernel. The most common implementation is either by using an interrupt or specialized instruction (think of <literal>SYSENTER</literal>/<literal>SYSCALL</literal> instructions for ia32). Syscalls are defined by a number. For example in FreeBSD, the syscall number 85 is the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>swapon</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry> syscall and the syscall number 132 is <citerefentry><refentrytitle>mkfifo</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>. Some syscalls need parameters, which are passed from the user-space to the kernel-space in various ways (implementation dependant). Syscalls are synchronous." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "A API comum do <trademark class=\"registered\">UNIX</trademark> define uma syscall como uma forma de emitir comandos de um processo do espaço do usuário para o kernel. A implementação mais comum é usando uma instrução de interrupção ou especializada (pense em instruções <literal>SYSENTER</literal>/<literal>SYSCALL</literal> para ia32). Syscalls são definidos por um número. Por exemplo, no FreeBSD, a syscall número 85 é a syscall <citerefentry><refentrytitle>swapon</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry> e a syscall número 132 é a syscall <citerefentry><refentrytitle>mkfifo</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>. Algumas syscalls precisam de parâmetros, que são passados do espaço do usuário para o espaço do kernel de várias maneiras (dependente da implementação). Syscalls são síncronas." ], "id_hash": 7585162182570993511, "content_hash": 7585162182570993511, "location": "article.translate.xml:159", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect3/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 27, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 86, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/157257/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 157279, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?checksum=e943e8d12fdee767", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/157279/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2020-04-18T18:14:55.826279Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "FreeBSD is a modern <trademark class=\"registered\">UNIX</trademark>-based operating system with all the features of <trademark class=\"registered\">UNIX</trademark>. Preemptive multitasking, multiuser facilities, TCP/IP networking, memory protection, symmetric multiprocessing support, virtual memory with merged VM and buffer cache, they are all there. One of the interesting and extremely useful features is the ability to emulate other <trademark class=\"registered\">UNIX</trademark>-like operating systems. As of December 2006 and 7-CURRENT development, the following emulation functionalities are supported:" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "O FreeBSD é um sistema operacional baseado no <trademark class=\"registered\">UNIX</trademark> com todos os recursos do <trademark class=\"registered\">UNIX</trademark>. Multitarefa preemptiva, necessidades de multiusuário, rede TCP/IP, proteção de memória, suporte a multiprocessamento simétrico, memória virtual com VM mesclada e cache de buffer, todos eles estão lá. Um dos recursos interessantes e extremamente úteis é a capacidade de emular outros sistemas operacionais <trademark class=\"registered\">UNIX</trademark>-like. A partir de dezembro de 2006 e do desenvolvimento do 7-CURRENT, as seguintes funcionalidades de emulação são suportadas:" ], "id_hash": -3860507369092682608, "content_hash": -3860507369092682608, "location": "article.translate.xml:271", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect2/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 47, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 69, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/157259/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 157280, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?checksum=4a6cb9006c73ec90", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/157280/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2020-04-18T18:14:55.840901Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "<trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> follows the traditional <trademark class=\"registered\">UNIX</trademark> scheme of dividing the run of a process in two halves: the kernel and user space. The kernel can be entered in two ways: via a trap or via a syscall. The return is handled only in one way. The further description applies to <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> 2.6 on the <trademark>i386</trademark> architecture. This information was taken from [2]." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "O <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> segue o esquema tradicional do <trademark class=\"registered\">UNIX</trademark> de dividir a execução de um processo em duas metades: o kernel e o espaço do usuário. O kernel pode ser inserido de duas maneiras: via trap ou via syscall. O retorno é tratado apenas de uma maneira. A descrição mais detalhada aplica-se ao <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> 2.6 na arquitetura <trademark>i386</trademark>. Esta informação foi retirada de [2]." ], "id_hash": 3680077036248708024, "content_hash": 3680077036248708024, "location": "article.translate.xml:493", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect3/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 76, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 64, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/157261/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 157281, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?checksum=b31242910bad33b8", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/157281/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2020-04-18T18:14:55.855837Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "In the 2.6 version, the <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> operating system redefined some of the traditional <trademark class=\"registered\">UNIX</trademark> primitives, notably PID, TID and thread. PID is defined not to be unique for every process, so for some processes (threads) <citerefentry><refentrytitle>getppid</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry> returns the same value. Unique identification of process is provided by TID. This is because <firstterm>NPTL</firstterm> (New <trademark class=\"registered\">POSIX</trademark> Thread Library) defines threads to be normal processes (so called 1:1 threading). Spawning a new process in <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> 2.6 happens using the <literal>clone</literal> syscall (fork variants are reimplemented using it). This clone syscall defines a set of flags that affect behavior of the cloning process regarding thread implementation. The semantic is a bit fuzzy as there is no single flag telling the syscall to create a thread." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Na versão 2.6, o sistema operacional <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> redefiniu algumas das primitivas tradicionais do <trademark class=\"registered\">UNIX</trademark>, especialmente PID, TID e thread. O PID é definido para não ser exclusivo para cada processo, portanto, para alguns processos (threading) <citerefentry><refentrytitle>getppid</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry> retorna o mesmo valor. A identificação exclusiva do processo é fornecida pelo TID. Isso ocorre porque o <firstterm>NPTL</firstterm> (Nova Biblioteca de threading <trademark class=\"registered\">POSIX</trademark>) define threading para serem processos normais (assim chamado threading 1:1). Gerar um novo processo no <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> 2.6 acontece usando a syscall <literal>clone</literal> (as variantes do fork são reimplementadas usando-o). Esta syscall clone define um conjunto de sinalizadores que afetam o comportamento do processo de clonagem em relação à implementação do threading. A semântica é um pouco confusa, pois não existe uma única bandeira dizendo a syscall para criar uma thread." ], "id_hash": 5434135134896333711, "content_hash": 5434135134896333711, "location": "article.translate.xml:571", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect4/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 87, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 125, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/157263/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 157282, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?checksum=cb69ed1d28f7238f", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/157282/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2020-04-18T18:14:55.866319Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "The solution <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> 2.6 implements is called futexes. Futexes implement the check for contention in userspace and call kernel primitives only in a case of contention. Thus the typical case takes place without any kernel intervention. This yields reasonably fast and flexible synchronization primitives implementation." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "A solução que o <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> 2.6 implementa é chamada de futexes. Futexes implementam a verificação de contenção no espaço do usuário e chama primitivas do kernel apenas em um caso de contenção. Assim, o caso típico ocorre sem qualquer intervenção do kernel. Isso produz uma implementação de primitivas de sincronização razoavelmente rápida e flexível." ], "id_hash": 1309720183494923947, "content_hash": 1309720183494923947, "location": "article.translate.xml:2024", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect3/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 294, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 46, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/157265/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 157283, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?checksum=922d0f91545fd6ab", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/157283/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2020-04-18T18:14:55.908242Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "This infrastructure is necessary to avoid races when opening files outside the working directory. Imagine that a process consists of two threads, thread A and thread B. Thread A issues <literal>open(./tmp/foo/bah., flags, mode)</literal> and before returning it gets preempted and thread B runs. Thread B does not care about the needs of thread A and renames or removes <filename>/tmp/foo/</filename>. We got a race. To avoid this we can open <filename>/tmp/foo</filename> and use it as <varname>dirfd</varname> for <function>openat</function> syscall. This also enables user to implement per-thread working directories." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Esta infra-estrutura é necessária para evitar corridas ao abrir arquivos fora do diretório de trabalho. Imagine que um processo consiste em duas threads, thread A e thread B. Thread A emite <literal>open (./tmp/foo/bah., Flags, mode)</literal> e antes de retornar ele se antecipa e a thread B é executada. A thread B não se preocupa com as necessidades da thread A e renomeia ou remove o <filename>/tmp/foo/</filename>. Nós temos uma corrida. Para evitar isso, podemos abrir o <filename>/tmp/foo</filename> e usá-lo como <varname>dirfd</varname> para a syscall <function>openat</function>. Isso também permite que o usuário implemente diretórios de trabalho por thread." ], "id_hash": 8222897637007509107, "content_hash": 8222897637007509107, "location": "article.translate.xml:2318", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect3/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 349, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 87, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/157267/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 157284, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?checksum=f21d99d5863b4673", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/157284/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2020-04-18T18:14:55.927041Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "The ioctl interface is quite fragile due to its generality. We have to bear in mind that devices differ between <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> and FreeBSD so some care must be applied to do ioctl emulation work right. The ioctl handling is implemented in <filename>linux_ioctl.c</filename>, where <function>linux_ioctl</function> function is defined. This function simply iterates over sets of ioctl handlers to find a handler that implements a given command. The ioctl syscall has three parameters, the file descriptor, command and an argument. The command is a 16-bit number, which in theory is divided into high 8 bits determining class of the ioctl command and low 8 bits, which are the actual command within the given set. The emulation takes advantage of this division. We implement handlers for each set, like <function>sound_handler</function> or <function>disk_handler</function>. Each handler has a maximum command and a minimum command defined, which is used for determining what handler is used. There are slight problems with this approach because <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> does not use the set division consistently so sometimes ioctls for a different set are inside a set they should not belong to (SCSI generic ioctls inside cdrom set, etc.). FreeBSD currently does not implement many <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> ioctls (compared to NetBSD, for example) but the plan is to port those from NetBSD. The trend is to use <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> ioctls even in the native FreeBSD drivers because of the easy porting of applications." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "A interface ioctl é bastante frágil devido à sua generalidade. Nós temos que ter em mente que os dispositivos diferem entre <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> e FreeBSD, então alguns cuidados devem ser aplicados para fazer o trabalho de emulação de ioctl corretamente. O manuseio ioctl é implementado em <filename>linux_ioctl.c</filename>, onde a função <function>linux_ioctl</function> é definida. Esta função simplesmente itera sobre conjuntos de manipuladores ioctl para encontrar um manipulador que implementa um dado comando. A syscall ioctl tem três parâmetros, o file descriptor, comando e um argumento. O comando é um número de 16 bits, que, em teoria, é dividido em alta classe determinante de 8 bits do comando ioctl e 8 bits baixos, que são o comando real dentro do conjunto dado. A emulação aproveita essa divisão. Implementamos manipuladores para cada conjunto, como <function>sound_handler</function> ou <function>disk_handler</function>. Cada manipulador tem um comando máximo e um comando mínimo definido, que é usado para determinar qual manipulador é usado. Existem pequenos problemas com esta abordagem porque <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> não usa a divisão definida consistentemente, por isso as ioctls para um conjunto diferente estão dentro de um conjunto ao qual não devem pertencer (ioctls genéricos SCSI dentro do cdrom conjunto, etc.). O FreeBSD atualmente não implementa muitos ioctls do <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> (comparado ao NetBSD, por exemplo), mas o plano é portar os do NetBSD. A tendência é usar o ioctls <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> mesmo nos drivers nativos do FreeBSD, devido à fácil portabilidade dos aplicativos." ], "id_hash": 8688480580634056386, "content_hash": 8688480580634056386, "location": "article.translate.xml:2392", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect3/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 356, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 234, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/157269/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 157285, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?checksum=f893af0df69296c2", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/157285/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2020-04-18T18:14:55.937657Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "As of April 2007 the <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> emulation layer is capable of emulating the <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> 2.6.16 kernel quite well. The remaining problems concern futexes, unfinished *at family of syscalls, problematic signals delivery, missing <function>epoll</function> and <function>inotify</function> and probably some bugs we have not discovered yet. Despite this we are capable of running basically all the <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> programs included in FreeBSD Ports Collection with Fedora Core 4 at 2.6.16 and there are some rudimentary reports of success with Fedora Core 6 at 2.6.16. The Fedora Core 6 linux_base was recently committed enabling some further testing of the emulation layer and giving us some more hints where we should put our effort in implementing missing stuff." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Em abril de 2007, a camada de emulação do <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> é capaz de emular o kernel <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> 2.6.16 muito bem. Os problemas remanescentes dizem respeito a futexes, inacabado na família de syscalls *at, entrega de sinais problemáticos, falta de <function>epoll</function> e <function>inotify</function> e provavelmente alguns bugs que ainda não descobrimos. Apesar disso, somos capazes de executar basicamente todos os programas <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> incluídos na coleção de ports do FreeBSD com o Fedora Core 4 em 2.6.16 e há alguns relatos rudimentares de sucesso com o Fedora Core 6 em 2.6.16. O linux_base do Fedora Core 6 foi recentemente comprometido permitindo alguns testes adicionais da camada de emulação e nos dando mais algumas dicas onde devemos nos esforçar para implementar o material que está faltando." ], "id_hash": 8521607958261139229, "content_hash": 8521607958261139229, "location": "article.translate.xml:2440", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect2/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 361, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 116, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/157271/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 157286, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?checksum=f642d549e34c071d", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/157286/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2020-04-18T18:14:55.948000Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "We are able to run the most used applications like <package>www/linux-firefox</package>, <package>net-im/skype</package> and some games from the Ports Collection. Some of the programs exhibit bad behavior under 2.6 emulation but this is currently under investigation and hopefully will be fixed soon. The only big application that is known not to work is the <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> <trademark>Java</trademark> Development Kit and this is because of the requirement of <function>epoll</function> facility which is not directly related to the <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> kernel 2.6." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Nós podemos rodar os aplicativos mais usados como o <package>www/linux-firefox</package>, <package>net-im/skype</package> e alguns jogos da Coleção de Ports. Alguns dos programas exibem mau comportamento na emulação 2.6, mas isso está atualmente sob investigação e, espera-se, será corrigido em breve. A única grande aplicação que se sabe que não funciona é o <trademark>Java</trademark> Development Kit do <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> e isto é devido ao requisito de <function>epoll</function> habilidade que não está diretamente relacionada ao kernel do <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> 2.6." ], "id_hash": -4525776641760329227, "content_hash": -4525776641760329227, "location": "article.translate.xml:2455", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect2/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 362, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": true, "num_words": 79, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/157273/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 157287, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?checksum=4131361f771d81f5", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/157287/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2020-04-18T18:14:55.958802Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "We hope to enable 2.6.16 emulation by default some time after FreeBSD 7.0 is released at least to expose the 2.6 emulation parts for some wider testing. Once this is done we can switch to Fedora Core 6 linux_base, which is the ultimate plan." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Esperamos habilitar a emulação 2.6.16 por padrão algum tempo depois que o FreeBSD 7.0 for lançado pelo menos para expor as partes da emulação 2.6 para alguns testes mais amplos. Feito isso, podemos mudar para o Fedora Core 6 linux_base, que é o plano final." ], "id_hash": 5542595398051776702, "content_hash": 5542595398051776702, "location": "article.translate.xml:2466", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect2/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 363, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 44, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/157275/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 157288, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?checksum=cceb41260a9748be", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/157288/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2020-04-18T18:14:55.968492Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "We hope to be able to run the most important programs flawlessly soon, so we will be able to switch to the 2.6 emulation by default and make the Fedora Core 6 the default linux_base because our currently used Fedora Core 4 is not supported any more." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Esperamos poder executar os programas mais importantes com perfeição em breve, por isso poderemos alternar para a emulação 2.6 por padrão e fazer do Fedora Core 6 o linux_base padrão porque o nosso atualmente usado Fedora Core 4 não é mais suportado." ], "id_hash": 1783364911372651517, "content_hash": 1783364911372651517, "location": "article.translate.xml:2482", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect2/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 20, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 366, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 47, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/157277/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 157289, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?checksum=98bfc8f02f434bfd", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/157289/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2020-04-18T18:14:55.978033Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "$FreeBSD$" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "" ], "id_hash": -6157127918850188850, "content_hash": -6157127918850188850, "location": "article.translate.xml:54, article.translate.xml:56", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: info/pubdate\n(itstool) path: info/releaseinfo", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 0, "fuzzy": false, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 14, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 1, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/229205/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 229215, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?checksum=2a8d7cc7984b59ce", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/229215/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-01-09T14:33:01.466291Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "There are currently two ways to implement threading in FreeBSD. The first way is M:N threading followed by the 1:1 threading model. The default library used is M:N threading (<literal>libpthread</literal>) and you can switch at runtime to 1:1 threading (<literal>libthr</literal>). The plan is to switch to 1:1 library by default soon. Although those two libraries use the same kernel primitives, they are accessed through different API(es). The M:N library uses the <literal>kse_*</literal> family of syscalls while the 1:1 library uses the <literal>thr_*</literal> family of syscalls. Due to this, there is no general concept of thread ID shared between kernel and userspace. Of course, both threading libraries implement the pthread thread ID API. Every kernel thread (as described by <literal>struct thread</literal>) has td tid identifier but this is not directly accessible from userland and solely serves the kernel's needs. It is also used for 1:1 threading library as pthread's thread ID but handling of this is internal to the library and cannot be relied on." ], "previous_source": "There are currently two ways to implement threading in FreeBSD. The first way is M:N threading followed by the 1:1 threading model. The default library used is M:N threading (<literal>libpthread</literal>) and you can switch at runtime to 1:1 threading (<literal>libthr</literal>). The plan is to switch to 1:1 library by default soon. Although those two libraries use the same kernel primitives, they are accessed through different API(es). The M:N library uses the <literal>kse_*</literal> family of syscalls while the 1:1 library uses the <literal>thr_*</literal> family of syscalls. Because of this, there is no general concept of thread ID shared between kernel and userspace. Of course, both threading libraries implement the pthread thread ID API. Every kernel thread (as described by <literal>struct thread</literal>) has td tid identifier but this is not directly accessible from userland and solely serves the kernel's needs. It is also used for 1:1 threading library as pthread's thread ID but handling of this is internal to the library and cannot be relied on.", "target": [ "Atualmente existem duas maneiras de implementar o threading no FreeBSD. A primeira maneira é o threading M:N seguido pelo modelo de threading 1:1. A biblioteca padrão usada é o threading M:N (<literal>libpthread</literal>) e você pode alternar no tempo de execução para threading 1:1 (<literal>libthr</literal>). O plano é mudar para a biblioteca 1:1 por padrão em breve. Embora essas duas bibliotecas usem as mesmas primitivas do kernel, elas são acessadas por API(s) diferentes. A biblioteca M:N usa a família <literal>kse_*</literal> das syscalls enquanto a biblioteca 1:1 usa a família <literal>thr_*</literal> das syscalls. Por causa disso, não existe um conceito geral de ID de threading compartilhado entre o kernel e o espaço do usuário. Obviamente, as duas bibliotecas de threads implementam a API de ID de threading pthread. Todo threading do kernel (como descrito por <literal>struct thread</literal>) possui identificadores td tid, mas isso não é diretamente acessível a partir do espaço do usuário e serve apenas as necessidades do kernel. Ele também é usado para a biblioteca de threading 1:1 como o ID de threading do pthread, mas a manipulação desta é interna à biblioteca e não pode ser confiável." ], "id_hash": -3103700627613132461, "content_hash": -3103700627613132461, "location": "article.translate.xml:413", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect4/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 10, "fuzzy": true, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 68, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 164, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/229206/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 229216, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?checksum=54ed70b929f65953", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/229216/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-01-09T14:33:01.575815Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "As there is a difference in view as what to the idea of a process ID and thread ID is between FreeBSD and <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> we have to translate the view somehow. We do it by PID mangling. This means that we fake what a PID (=TGID) and TID (=PID) is between kernel and userland. The rule of thumb is that in kernel (in Linuxulator) PID = PID and TGID = shared -> group pid and to userland we present <literal>PID = shared -> group_pid</literal> and <literal>TID = proc -> p_pid</literal>. The PID member of <literal>linux_emuldata structure</literal> is a FreeBSD PID." ], "previous_source": "Because of the described different view knowing what a process ID and thread ID is between FreeBSD and <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> we have to translate the view somehow. We do it by PID mangling. This means that we fake what a PID (=TGID) and TID (=PID) is between kernel and userland. The rule of thumb is that in kernel (in Linuxulator) PID = PID and TGID = shared -> group pid and to userland we present <literal>PID = shared -> group_pid</literal> and <literal>TID = proc -> p_pid</literal>. The PID member of <literal>linux_emuldata structure</literal> is a FreeBSD PID.", "target": [ "Por causa da visão diferente descrita sabendo o que é um ID de processo e ID de thread entre o FreeBSD e o <trademark class=\"registered\">Linux</trademark> nós temos que traduzir a view de alguma forma. Nós fazemos isso pelo manuseio do PID. Isto significa que nós falsificamos o que um PID (=TGID) e um TID (=PID) é entre o kernel e o userland. A regra é que no kernel (no Linuxulator) PID=PID e TGID=grupo de id -> compartilhado e para userland nós apresentamos <literal>PID=shared -> group_pid </literal> e <literal>TID=proc -> p_pid</literal>. O membro PID da estrutura <literal>linux_emuldata </literal> é um PID do FreeBSD." ], "id_hash": 7924950461666399546, "content_hash": 7924950461666399546, "location": "article.translate.xml:1704", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect3/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 10, "fuzzy": true, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 261, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 101, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/229207/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 229217, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?checksum=edfb1474ea31953a", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/229217/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-01-09T14:33:01.914739Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "The locking is implemented to be per-subsystem because we do not expect a lot of contention on these. There are two locks: <literal>emul_lock</literal> used to protect manipulating of <literal>linux_emuldata</literal> and <literal>emul_shared_lock</literal> used to manipulate <literal>linux_emuldata_shared</literal>. The <literal>emul_lock</literal> is a nonsleepable blocking mutex while <literal>emul_shared_lock</literal> is a sleepable blocking <literal>sx_lock</literal>. Due to the per-subsystem locking we can coalesce some locks and that is why the em find offers the non-locking access." ], "previous_source": "The locking is implemented to be per-subsystem because we do not expect a lot of contention on these. There are two locks: <literal>emul_lock</literal> used to protect manipulating of <literal>linux_emuldata</literal> and <literal>emul_shared_lock</literal> used to manipulate <literal>linux_emuldata_shared</literal>. The <literal>emul_lock</literal> is a nonsleepable blocking mutex while <literal>emul_shared_lock</literal> is a sleepable blocking <literal>sx_lock</literal>. Because of the per-subsystem locking we can coalesce some locks and that is why the em find offers the non-locking access.", "target": [ "O bloqueio é implementado como per-subsystem porque não esperamos muita disputa sobre eles. Existem dois bloqueios: <literal>emul_lock</literal> usado para proteger a manipulação de <literal>linux_emuldata</literal> e <literal>emul_shared_lock</literal> usado para manipular <literal>linux_emuldata_shared</literal>. O <literal>emul_lock</literal> é um mutex bloqueador não tolerável, enquanto <literal>emul_shared_lock</literal> é um bloqueio travável <literal>sx_lock</literal>. Devido ao bloqueio por subsistema, podemos unir alguns bloqueios e é por isso que o em-find oferece o acesso sem bloqueio." ], "id_hash": -7958131764761216928, "content_hash": -7958131764761216928, "location": "article.translate.xml:1796", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect3/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 10, "fuzzy": true, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 270, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 70, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/229208/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 229218, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?checksum=118f0952eda7b860", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/229218/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-01-09T14:33:01.939974Z" }, { "translation": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/translations/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?format=api", "source": [ "Threaded programs should be written with as little contention on locks as possible. Otherwise, instead of doing useful work the thread just waits on a lock. As a result of this, the most well written threaded programs show little locks contention." ], "previous_source": "Threaded programs should be written with as little contention on locks as possible. Otherwise, instead of doing useful work the thread just waits on a lock. Because of this, the most well written threaded programs show little locks contention.", "target": [ "Os programas em threading devem ser escritos com o mínimo de contenção possível em bloqueios. Caso contrário, em vez de fazer um trabalho útil, a threading apenas espera em um bloqueio. Devido a isso, os programas encadeados mais bem escritos mostram pouca contenção de bloqueios." ], "id_hash": 1626607788193262355, "content_hash": 1626607788193262355, "location": "article.translate.xml:2000", "context": "", "note": "(itstool) path: sect3/para", "flags": "", "labels": [], "state": 10, "fuzzy": true, "translated": false, "approved": false, "position": 289, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 41, "source_unit": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/229209/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 229219, "web_url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/translate/freebsd-doc/articles_linux-emulation/pt_BR/?checksum=9692df2a4c24ab13", "url": "https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/api/units/229219/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2021-01-09T14:33:01.982319Z" } ] }