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Project website docs.freebsd.org/en
Translation license BSD 2-Clause "Simplified" License
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File mask documentation/content/*/books/design-44bsd/_index.po
Translation file Download documentation/content/pl/books/design-44bsd/_index.po
Last change April 16, 2023, 1:32 p.m.
Last author Piotr Kowalski

String statistics

Strings percent Hosted strings Words percent Hosted words Characters percent Hosted characters
Total 291 10,971 70,487
Translated 1% 2 1% 3 1% 29
Needs editing 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0
Read-only 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0
Failing checks 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0
Strings with suggestions 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0
Untranslated strings 99% 289 99% 10,968 99% 70,458
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New strings to translate

Documentation / books/design-44bsd/_index — Polish

3 new strings to translate appeared to the translation. 9 months ago
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Documentation / books/design-44bsd/_index — Polish

The "documentation/content/pl/books/design-44bsd/_index.po" file was changed. 9 months ago
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Documentation / books/design-44bsd/_index — Polish

a small one is shown in crossref:design-44bsd[fig-small-fs, A small filesystem]. Directories may contain subdirectories, and there is no inherent limitation to the depth with which directory nesting may occur. To protect the consistency of the filesystem, the kernel does not permit processes to write directly into directories. A filesystem may include not only plain files and directories, but also references to other objects, such as devices and sockets.
 
9 months ago
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Documentation / books/design-44bsd/_index — Polish

The process lifecycle is depicted in crossref:design-44bsd[fig-process-lifecycle,Process lifecycle]. A process may create a new process that is a copy of the original by using the _fork_ system call. The _fork_ call returns twice: once in the parent process, where the return value is the process identifier of the child, and once in the child process, where the return value is 0. The parent-child relationship induces a hierarchical structure on the set of processes in the system. The new process shares all its parent's resources, such as file descriptors, signal-handling status, and memory layout.
 
9 months ago
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Documentation / books/design-44bsd/_index — Polish

crossref:design-44bsd[table-mach-indep, Machine-independent software in the 4.4BSD kernel] summarizes the machine-independent software that constitutes the 4.4BSD kernel for the HP300. The numbers in column 2 are for lines of C source code, header files, and assembly language. Virtually all the software in the kernel is written in the C programming language; less than 2 percent is written in assembly language. As the statistics in crossref:design-44bsd[table-mach-dep, Machine-dependent software in the 4.4BSD kernel] show, the machine-dependent software, excluding HP/UX and device support, accounts for a minuscule 6.9 percent of the kernel.
 
9 months ago
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Documentation / books/design-44bsd/_index — Polish

11 new strings to translate appeared to the translation. a year ago
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Documentation / books/design-44bsd/_index — Polish

The "documentation/content/pl/books/design-44bsd/_index.po" file was changed. a year ago
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Documentation / books/design-44bsd/_index — Polish

Although many remote-filesystem protocols have been developed over the years, the most pervasive one in use among UNIX systems is the Network Filesystem (NFS), whose protocol and most widely used implementation were done by Sun Microsystems. The 4.4BSD kernel supports the NFS protocol, although the implementation was done independently from the protocol specification crossref:design-44bsd[biblio-macklem, [Macklem, 1994]]. The NFS protocol is described in Chapter 9.
 
a year ago
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Documentation / books/design-44bsd/_index — Polish

The log-structured filesystem, based on the Sprite operating-system design crossref:design-44bsd[biblio-rosenblum, [Rosenblum & Ousterhout, 1992]]
 
a year ago
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Documentation / books/design-44bsd/_index — Polish

Different programs expect various levels of structure, but the kernel does not impose structure on I/O. For instance, the convention for text files is lines of ASCII characters separated by a single newline character (the ASCII line-feed character), but the kernel knows nothing about this convention. For the purposes of most programs, the model is further simplified to being a stream of data bytes, or an _I/O stream_. It is this single common data form that makes the characteristic UNIX tool-based approach work crossref:design-44bsd[biblio-kernighan, [Kernighan & Pike, 1984]]. An I/O stream from one program can be fed as input to almost any other program. (This kind of traditional UNIX I/O stream should not be confused with the Eighth Edition stream I/O system or with the System V, Release 3 STREAMS, both of which can be accessed as traditional I/O streams.)
 
a year ago
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