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Project website docs.freebsd.org/en
Translation license BSD 2-Clause "Simplified" License
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  • The translation uses bilingual files.
File mask documentation/content/*/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.po
Translation file Download documentation/content/es/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.po
Last change March 28, 2023, 8:27 a.m.
Last author Fernando Apesteguía

String statistics

Strings percent Hosted strings Words percent Hosted words Characters percent Hosted characters
Total 293 11,011 74,861
Translated 100% 293 100% 11,011 100% 74,861
Needs editing 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0
Read-only 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0
Failing checks 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0
Strings with suggestions 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0
Untranslated strings 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0
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User avatar fernape

Translation changed

Documentation / books/arch-handbook/boot/_index — Spanish

Set up thread0's pcb.
Configurar el pcb de thread0.
a year ago
User avatar fernape

Translation changed

Documentation / books/arch-handbook/boot/_index — Spanish

/*
* Launch user task.
*/
movb $SEL_TSS,%cl # Set task
ltr %cx # register
movl $MEM_USR,%edx # User base address
movzwl %ss:BDA_MEM,%eax # Get free memory
shll $0xa,%eax # To bytes
subl $ARGSPACE,%eax # Less arg space
subl %edx,%eax # Less base
movb $SEL_UDATA,%cl # User data selector
pushl %ecx # Set SS
pushl %eax # Set ESP
push $0x202 # Set flags (IF set)
push $SEL_UCODE # Set CS
pushl btx_hdr+0xc # Set EIP
pushl %ecx # Set GS
pushl %ecx # Set FS
pushl %ecx # Set DS
pushl %ecx # Set ES
pushl %edx # Set EAX
movb $0x7,%cl # Set remaining
init.9: push $0x0 # general
loop init.9 # registers
#ifdef BTX_SERIAL
call sio_init # setup the serial console
#endif
popa # and initialize
popl %es # Initialize
popl %ds # user
popl %fs # segment
popl %gs # registers
iret # To user mode
/*
* Launch user task.
*/
movb $SEL_TSS,%cl # Establecer tareaSet task
ltr %cx # registraer
movl $0xa000MEM_USR,%edx # Dirección base de usuarioUser base address
movzwl %ss:BDA_MEM,%eax # Obtenga memoria libreGet free memory
shll $0xa,%eax # ATo bytes
subl $ARGSPACE,%eax # Menos espacio argLess arg space
subl %edx,%eax # MenoLess base
movb $SEL_UDATA,%cl # Selector de datos de usuarioUser data selector
pushl %ecx # EstablecerSet SS
pushl %eax # EstablecerSet ESP
push $0x202 # EstablecerSet flags (IF set)
push $SEL_UCODE # EstablecerSet CS
pushl btx_hdr+0xc # EstablecerSet EIP
pushl %ecx # EstablecerSet GS
pushl %ecx # EstablecerSet FS
pushl %ecx # EstablecerSet DS
pushl %ecx # EstablecerSet ES
pushl %edx # EstablecerSet EAX
movb $0x7,%cl # Establecer restanteSet remaining
init.9: push $0x0 # general
loop init.9 # registrosers
#ifdef BTX_SERIAL
call sio_init # setup the serial console
#endif
popa # e and inictializare
popl %es # Inictializare
popl %ds # usuarioer
popl %fs # segmento
popl %gs # registeros
iret # Al modo de usuarioTo user mode
a year ago
User avatar fernape

New translation

Documentation / books/arch-handbook/boot/_index — Spanish

sys/kern/init_main.c:
static char init_path[MAXPATHLEN] =
#ifdef INIT_PATH
__XSTRING(INIT_PATH);
#else
"/sbin/init:/sbin/oinit:/sbin/init.bak:/rescue/init";
#endif
sys/kern/init_main.c:
static char init_path[MAXPATHLEN] =
#ifdef INIT_PATH
__XSTRING(INIT_PATH);
#else
"/sbin/init:/sbin/oinit:/sbin/init.bak:/rescue/init";
#endif
a year ago
User avatar fernape

New translation

Documentation / books/arch-handbook/boot/_index — Spanish

The function `create_init()` allocates a new process by calling `fork1()`, but does not mark it runnable. When this new process is scheduled for execution by the scheduler, the `start_init()` will be called. That function is defined in [.filename]#init_main.c#. It tries to load and exec the [.filename]#init# binary, probing [.filename]#/sbin/init# first, then [.filename]#/sbin/oinit#, [.filename]#/sbin/init.bak#, and finally [.filename]#/rescue/init#:
La función `create_init()` crea un nuevo proceso llamando a `fork1()`, pero no lo marca como ejecutable. Cuando este nuevo proceso se planifica para ser ejecutado por el planificador, se llamará a `start_init()`. Esa función está definida en [.filename]#init_main.c#. Intenta cargar y ejecutar el binario [.filename]#init#, probando con [.filename]#/sbin/init# primero, luego con [.filename]#/sbin/oinit#, [.filename]#/sbin/init.bak#, y finalmente con [.filename]#/rescue/init#:
a year ago
User avatar fernape

New translation

Documentation / books/arch-handbook/boot/_index — Spanish

bzero(&fr, sizeof(fr));
fr.fr_flags = RFFDG | RFPROC | RFSTOPPED;
fr.fr_procp = &initproc;
error = fork1(&thread0, &fr);
if (error)
panic("cannot fork init: %d\n", error);
KASSERT(initproc->p_pid == 1, ("create_init: initproc->p_pid != 1"));
/* divorce init's credentials from the kernel's */
newcred = crget();
sx_xlock(&proctree_lock);
PROC_LOCK(initproc);
initproc->p_flag |= P_SYSTEM | P_INMEM;
initproc->p_treeflag |= P_TREE_REAPER;
oldcred = initproc->p_ucred;
crcopy(newcred, oldcred);
#ifdef MAC
mac_cred_create_init(newcred);
#endif
#ifdef AUDIT
audit_cred_proc1(newcred);
#endif
proc_set_cred(initproc, newcred);
td = FIRST_THREAD_IN_PROC(initproc);
crcowfree(td);
td->td_realucred = crcowget(initproc->p_ucred);
td->td_ucred = td->td_realucred;
PROC_UNLOCK(initproc);
sx_xunlock(&proctree_lock);
crfree(oldcred);
cpu_fork_kthread_handler(FIRST_THREAD_IN_PROC(initproc), start_init, NULL);
}
SYSINIT(init, SI_SUB_CREATE_INIT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, create_init, NULL);
bzero(&fr, sizeof(fr));
fr.fr_flags = RFFDG | RFPROC | RFSTOPPED;
fr.fr_procp = &initproc;
error = fork1(&thread0, &fr);
if (error)
panic("cannot fork init: %d\n", error);
KASSERT(initproc->p_pid == 1, ("create_init: initproc->p_pid != 1"));
/* divorce init's credentials from the kernel's */
newcred = crget();
sx_xlock(&proctree_lock);
PROC_LOCK(initproc);
initproc->p_flag |= P_SYSTEM | P_INMEM;
initproc->p_treeflag |= P_TREE_REAPER;
oldcred = initproc->p_ucred;
crcopy(newcred, oldcred);
#ifdef MAC
mac_cred_create_init(newcred);
#endif
#ifdef AUDIT
audit_cred_proc1(newcred);
#endif
proc_set_cred(initproc, newcred);
td = FIRST_THREAD_IN_PROC(initproc);
crcowfree(td);
td->td_realucred = crcowget(initproc->p_ucred);
td->td_ucred = td->td_realucred;
PROC_UNLOCK(initproc);
sx_xunlock(&proctree_lock);
crfree(oldcred);
cpu_fork_kthread_handler(FIRST_THREAD_IN_PROC(initproc), start_init, NULL);
}
SYSINIT(init, SI_SUB_CREATE_INIT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, create_init, NULL);
a year ago
User avatar fernape

New translation

Documentation / books/arch-handbook/boot/_index — Spanish

sys/kern/init_main.c:
static void
create_init(const void *udata __unused)
{
struct fork_req fr;
struct ucred *newcred, *oldcred;
struct thread *td;
int error;
sys/kern/init_main.c:
static void
create_init(const void *udata __unused)
{
struct fork_req fr;
struct ucred *newcred, *oldcred;
struct thread *td;
int error;
a year ago
User avatar fernape

New translation

Documentation / books/arch-handbook/boot/_index — Spanish

The first user process, called _init_, is created by the sysinit object `init`:
El primer proceso de usuario, llamado _init_, se crea mediante el objeto sysinit `init`:
a year ago
User avatar fernape

Translation changed

Documentation / books/arch-handbook/boot/_index — Spanish

The system scheduler sysinit object is defined in the file [.filename]#sys/vm/vm_glue.c#, and the entry point for that object is `scheduler()`. That function is actually an infinite loop, and it represents a process with PID 0, the swapper process. The thread0 structure, mentioned before, is used to describe it.
El objeto sysinit del programlanificador del sistema se define en el archivo <[.filename>]#sys/vm/vm_glue.c</filename>#, y el punto de entrada para ese objeto es <function>`scheduler()</function>`. Esa función es en realidad un bucle infinito y representa un proceso con PID 0, el proceso de intercambio (swapper). La estructura procthread0, mencionada anteriormente, se usa para describirlo.
a year ago
User avatar fernape

Translation changed

Documentation / books/arch-handbook/boot/_index — Spanish

/usr/include/sys/kernel.h:
enum sysinit_sub_id {
SI_SUB_DUMMY = 0x0000000, /* not executed; for linker*/
SI_SUB_DONE = 0x0000001, /* processed*/
SI_SUB_TUNABLES = 0x0700000, /* establish tunable values */
SI_SUB_COPYRIGHT = 0x0800001, /* first use of console*/
...
SI_SUB_LAST = 0xfffffff /* final initialization */
};
<filename>/usr/include/sys/kernel.h:</filename>
enum sysinit_sub_id {
SI_SUB_DUMMY = 0x0000000, /* sinnot ejxecutar; para enlazadoed; for linker*/
SI_SUB_DONE = 0x0000001, /* procesadased*/
SI_SUB_CONSOTUNABLES = 0x08700000, /* consolaestablish tunable values */
SI_SUB_COPYRIGHT = 0x0800001, /* primer uso de lafirst use of consolae*/
...
SI_SUB_RUN_SCHEDULERLAST = 0xfffffff /*Planificador: sin retorno final initialization */
};
a year ago
User avatar fernape

Translation changed

Documentation / books/arch-handbook/boot/_index — Spanish

Returning to the `mi_startup()` discussion, it is must be clear now, how the sysinit objects are being organized. The `mi_startup()` function sorts them and calls each. The very last object is the system scheduler:
Volviendo al <function>mi_startup()</function> discusión la discusión sobre `mi_startup()`, debe quedar claro ahora, cómo se están organizando los objetos sysinit. los<function>mi_startup()</function> la funciónLa función `mi_startup()` los ordena y llama a cada uno. El último objeto es el programlanificador del sistema:
a year ago
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